Crypto Basics

eToro Review 2023 - Features, Pricing and Alternatives

Learn about eToro platform and get a detailed review of its features, pricing, and alternative options.
Token Metrics Team
6 Minutes
MIN

In this digital age, online trading has become increasingly popular, offering individuals the opportunity to invest in various financial markets from the comfort of their homes. 

eToro is a renowned online trading platform that combines traditional trading with social networking features, making it an attractive option for both novice and experienced traders.

eToro Overview

eToro is a multi-asset trading platform that offers a wide range of financial instruments for trading and investing. 

Founded in 2007, it has grown to become one of the world's largest social trading platforms, with millions of registered users worldwide. 

The platform's mission is to make trading accessible to everyone, regardless of their experience level or financial background.

It has changed the way people trade by introducing a unique concept that allows users to connect, interact, and copy trades of successful traders within the eToro community.

How does eToro Work?

eToro platform offers a wide range of investment products, including over 2,500 stocks, ETFs, 20+ cryptocurrencies and commodities such as gold and silver. 

Users have the option to purchase fractional shares and access advanced trading features. Deposits can be made using fiat currency or other cryptocurrencies, and convenient transfers can be facilitated through bank accounts or wire transfers. 

Trading activities can be conducted through eToro's web-based platform or its user-friendly mobile app. A notable feature is the CopyTrader, which allows users to replicate the trades of successful investors.

Furthermore, eToro offers a demo account with a virtual portfolio of $100,000, providing users with a risk-free environment to learn and gain experience in cryptocurrency and other trading activities.

eToro Features Review

CopyTrading - One of the standout features of eToro is its CopyTrading functionality. This feature enables users to automatically copy the trades of successful traders in real-time. 

By leveraging the wisdom of experienced traders, even beginners can achieve potential profits without in-depth market knowledge.

Social Trading Platform - eToro's social trading platform is designed to facilitate interaction and collaboration among traders. Users can follow, communicate, and learn from each other through various social features, including live feeds, comments, and messaging. 

This social aspect adds an extra layer of engagement and knowledge-sharing to the trading experience.

Wide Range of Financial Instruments - eToro offers an extensive selection of financial instruments for trading, including stocks, cryptocurrencies, commodities, indices, and more. 

This diversity allows users to build a diversified investment portfolio and take advantage of various market opportunities.

eToro User Experience Review

eToro boasts an intuitive and user-friendly interface that caters to traders of all experience levels. 

The platform's sleek design and straightforward navigation make it easy for users to access the desired features and execute trades seamlessly. 

Additionally, eToro's mobile app ensures that users can stay connected and trade on the go.

Social Trading on eToro

eToro's social trading feature enables users to discover, follow, and interact with successful traders on the platform.

Through the built-in search and filtering tools, users can find traders based on specific criteria such as performance, risk level, and trading style.

By replicating the trades of top-performing traders, users can potentially enhance their own trading outcomes.

eToro Security and Regulation

When it comes to online trading, security is of utmost importance. eToro prioritizes the safety of its users' funds and personal information. 

The platform implements robust security measures, including two-factor authentication (2FA) and data encryption. Additionally, eToro is regulated by reputable financial authorities, providing users with peace of mind.

eToro Fees and Charges

eToro operates on a transparent fee structure, with spreads and overnight fees varying depending on the traded instruments. It's important for users to review and understand the fee schedule before executing trades.

eToro Fees Review
Image Source - https://www.fool.com/

eToro Customer Support Review

eToro offers reliable customer support to assist users with their queries and concerns. The platform provides a comprehensive help center with a vast knowledge base covering various topics related to trading on eToro. 

Additionally, users can reach out to the support team directly through email or live chat for more personalized assistance.

Pros and Cons of eToro

eToro, like any other trading platform, has its advantages and disadvantages. Let's take a look at some of the pros and cons:

Pros:

  • User-friendly interface and social trading features
  • Diverse range of investment options
  • Copy Trading functionality for beginners
  • Free debit card deposits
  • Mobile app for trading on the go

Cons:

  • Withdrawal fees could be lower on certain transactions
  • Not available in few U.S. states
  • Limited research and analysis tools compared to dedicated trading platforms

eToro Ratings on Web

Here are the latest ratings for eToro on various digital platforms as of June 2023

Platforms Ratings
Google Play 4
Apple App Store 3.8
G2 3.8
Trustpilot 4.4

eToro Alternatives

When evaluating eToro alternatives, it's essential to consider specific factors that align with your trading goals and preferences. Here are some of the widely used alternatives of eToro platform.

Plus500 - Plus500 is a well-established online trading platform that offers a wide range of financial instruments, including stocks, indices, commodities, cryptocurrencies, and more. 

The platform provides a user-friendly interface, real-time market data, and powerful trading tools. It is regulated by multiple authorities, ensuring a secure trading environment.

Plus500 also offers a free demo account for users to practice trading strategies without risking real money.

Robinhood - Robinhood is a popular trading platform that gained traction for its commission-free trading model. It allows users to trade stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), options, and cryptocurrencies without paying traditional trading fees. 

Robinhood provides an intuitive mobile app and a simple interface, making it attractive to beginner traders. However, it's important to note that Robinhood is primarily focused on the U.S. market.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. How do I get started with eToro?

To get started with eToro, visit their official website and sign up for an account. Follow the provided instructions to complete the registration process and verify your account. Once your account is set up, you can explore the platform, deposit funds, and start trading.

Q2. Can I trade cryptocurrencies on eToro?

Yes, eToro offers a wide range of cryptocurrencies for trading. Popular options include Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, and many more. You can easily access and trade these cryptocurrencies on the eToro platform.

Q3. Is eToro regulated?

Yes, eToro is a regulated platform. It is authorized and regulated by reputable financial authorities such as the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in the United Kingdom and the Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (CySEC).

Q4. Can I copy the trades of multiple traders on eToro?

Absolutely! eToro allows you to copy the trades of multiple traders simultaneously. By diversifying your copy portfolio, you can mitigate risks and potentially enhance your trading performance.

Q5. How can I withdraw funds from my eToro account?

Withdrawing funds from your eToro account is a straightforward process. Simply navigate to the "Withdraw Funds" section within your account settings, specify the desired amount, and select your preferred withdrawal method. Follow the instructions provided to complete the withdrawal request.

Conclusion

In conclusion, eToro offers a unique and innovative approach to online trading. With its social trading features, extensive range of investment options, and user-friendly interface, eToro provides a platform that caters to traders of all levels.

Whether you're a beginner seeking guidance or an experienced trader looking to expand your portfolio, eToro offers the tools and resources to support your trading journey.

Disclaimer

The information provided on this website does not constitute investment advice, financial advice, trading advice, or any other sort of advice and you should not treat any of the website's content as such.

Token Metrics does not recommend that any cryptocurrency should be bought, sold, or held by you. Do conduct your own due diligence and consult your financial advisor before making any investment decisions.

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Inside DeepSeek API: Advanced Search for Crypto Intelligence

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DeepSeek API has emerged as a specialized toolkit for developers and researchers who need granular, semantically rich access to crypto-related documents, on-chain data, and developer content. This article breaks down how the DeepSeek API works, common integration patterns, practical research workflows, and how AI-driven platforms can complement its capabilities without making investment recommendations.

What the DeepSeek API Does

The DeepSeek API is designed to index and retrieve contextual information across heterogeneous sources: whitepapers, GitHub repos, forum threads, on-chain events, and more. Unlike keyword-only search, DeepSeek focuses on semantic matching—returning results that align with the intent of a query rather than only literal token matches.

Key capabilities typically include:

  • Semantic embeddings for natural language search.
  • Document chunking and contextual retrieval for long-form content.
  • Metadata filtering (chain, contract address, author, date).
  • Streamed or batched query interfaces for different throughput needs.

Typical Architecture & Integration Patterns

Integrating the DeepSeek API into a product follows common design patterns depending on latency and scale requirements:

  1. Server-side retrieval layer: Your backend calls DeepSeek to fetch semantically ranked documents, then performs post-processing and enrichment before returning results to clients.
  2. Edge-caching and rate management: Cache popular queries and embeddings to reduce costs and improve responsiveness. Use exponential backoff and quota awareness for production stability.
  3. AI agent workflows: Use the API to retrieve context windows for LLM prompts—DeepSeek's chunked documents can help keep prompts relevant without exceeding token budgets.

When building integrations, consider privacy, data retention, and whether you need to host a private index versus relying on a hosted DeepSeek endpoint.

Research Workflows & Practical Tips

Researchers using the DeepSeek API can follow a repeatable workflow to ensure comprehensive coverage and defensible results:

  • Define intent and query templates: Create structured queries that capture entity names, contract addresses, or conceptual prompts (e.g., “protocol upgrade risks” + contract).
  • Layer filters: Use metadata to constrain results to a chain, date range, or document type to reduce noise.
  • Iterative narrowing: Start with wide semantic searches, then narrow with follow-up queries using top results as new seeds.
  • Evaluate relevance: Score results using both DeepSeek’s ranking and custom heuristics (recency, authoritativeness, on-chain evidence).
  • Document provenance: Capture source URLs, timestamps, and checksums for reproducibility.

For reproducible experiments, version your query templates and save query-result sets alongside analysis notes.

Limitations, Costs, and Risk Factors

Understanding the constraints of a semantic retrieval API is essential for reliable outputs:

  • Semantic drift: Embeddings and ranking models can favor topical similarity that may miss critical technical differences. Validate with deterministic checks (contract bytecode, event logs).
  • Data freshness: Indexing cadence affects the visibility of the newest commits or on-chain events. Verify whether the API supports near-real-time indexing if that matters for your use case.
  • Cost profile: High-volume or high-recall retrieval workloads can be expensive. Design sampling and caching strategies to control costs.
  • Bias and coverage gaps: Not all sources are equally represented. Cross-check against primary sources where possible.

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FAQ: What developers ask most about DeepSeek API

What data sources does DeepSeek index?

DeepSeek typically indexes a mix of developer-centric and community data: GitHub, whitepapers, documentation sites, forums, and on-chain events. Exact coverage depends on the provider's ingestion pipeline and configuration options you choose when provisioning indexes.

How do embeddings improve search relevance?

Embeddings map text into vector space where semantic similarity becomes measurable as geometric closeness. This allows queries to match documents by meaning rather than shared keywords, improving recall for paraphrased or conceptually related content.

Can DeepSeek return structured on-chain data?

While DeepSeek is optimized for textual retrieval, many deployments support linking to structured on-chain records. A common pattern is to return document results with associated on-chain references (contract addresses, event IDs) so downstream systems can fetch transaction-level details from block explorers or node APIs.

How should I evaluate result quality?

Use a combination of automated metrics (precision@k, recall sampling) and human review. For technical subjects, validate excerpts against source code, transaction logs, and authoritative docs to avoid false positives driven by surface-level similarity.

What are best practices for using DeepSeek with LLMs?

Keep retrieved context concise and relevant: prioritize high-salience chunks, include provenance for factual checks, and use retrieval augmentation to ground model outputs. Also, monitor token usage and prefer compressed summaries for long sources.

How does it compare to other crypto APIs?

DeepSeek is focused on semantic retrieval and contextual search, while other crypto APIs may prioritize raw market data, on-chain metrics, or analytics dashboards. Combining DeepSeek-style search with specialized APIs (for price, on-chain metrics, or signals) yields richer tooling for research workflows.

Where can I learn more or get a demo?

Explore provider docs and example use cases. For integrated AI research and ratings, see Token Metrics which demonstrates how semantic retrieval can be paired with model-driven analysis for structured insights.

Disclaimer

This article is for informational and technical education only. It does not constitute investment advice, endorsements, or recommendations. Evaluate tools and data sources critically and consider legal and compliance requirements before deployment.

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Practical Guide to Fabric API and Integrations

Token Metrics Team
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Fabric API is a cornerstone for developers building permissioned blockchain solutions with Hyperledger Fabric. This article explains what Fabric APIs are, how they fit into Fabric's architecture, practical integration patterns, and how to evaluate tooling when you need reliable programmatic access to Fabric networks.

What is the Fabric API and why it matters

The term "Fabric API" broadly refers to the programmatic interfaces and SDKs that allow applications to interact with a Hyperledger Fabric network. These interfaces expose capabilities such as submitting transactions, querying ledger state, managing identities via Fabric CA, and deploying or invoking chaincode (smart contracts). For enterprise use cases—supply chain auditing, tokenized assets, or confidential data flows—the Fabric API is the gateway between business logic and the distributed ledger.

Key characteristics of Fabric APIs include:

  • Permissioned access: operations are gated by identity and certificate-based authentication.
  • Support for multiple languages: SDKs and chaincode runtimes enable JavaScript/TypeScript, Go, Java, and more.
  • Gateway patterns: modern Fabric versions favor the Gateway API for simplified connection management and transaction lifecycle handling.

Core components and SDKs to know

Interacting with Fabric typically involves several layers. Understanding these helps you choose the right API surface for your application:

  1. Fabric Gateway API: A high-level client API that simplifies endorsement, submission, and event handling. It abstracts peers, orderers, and channel configuration so developers can focus on transactions.
  2. Fabric SDKs: Language-specific SDKs (Node.js, Java, Go) provide programmatic access where fine-grained control is required—example: advanced endorsement policies, custom discovery, or private data collection management.
  3. Chaincode APIs: Chaincode runtimes expose an API surface for smart contract logic to access ledger state, emit events, and perform composite key queries.
  4. Fabric CA API: Certificate Authority endpoints for identity lifecycle operations—enrollment, revocation, and affiliation management—accessible via REST or SDK wrappers.
  5. REST/Proxy layers: Many deployments add a REST façade or API gateway in front of Fabric to translate HTTP requests to SDK calls, add RBAC, rate limiting, and telemetry.

Design patterns and integration best practices

Choosing how to surface Fabric functionality depends on risk, latency, and operational model. Common patterns include:

  • Direct SDK clients: Suitable for backend services with secure key management that need direct ledger access and deterministic transaction flows.
  • Gateway + Microservice: Use the Fabric Gateway for transaction orchestration behind microservices that encapsulate business logic and validation.
  • REST API gateway: A REST façade simplifies integration with web and mobile apps. Add authorization checks, input validation, and transformation layers to prevent malformed transactions reaching the ledger.
  • Event-driven integrations: Subscribe to Fabric events (block/chaincode events) to trigger downstream processes or ML pipelines for analytics and monitoring.

Cross-cutting concerns to design for:

  • Identity management: Use Fabric CA and hardware-backed keys where possible; separate admin and application identities.
  • Determinism and validation: Ensure chaincode logic is deterministic and validated across peers to avoid endorsement failures.
  • Observability: Instrument SDK calls, latency, retry behavior, and endorsement responses to troubleshoot production issues.

Practical steps for building, testing, and securing Fabric API integrations

Follow a structured approach when integrating with Fabric networks:

  1. Prototype locally: Use test networks (Fabric samples or Docker-based local networks) to validate transaction flows and endorsement policies before deploying to staging.
  2. Choose the right API layer: For rapid development, the Gateway API with the Node SDK reduces boilerplate. For advanced control, use language-specific SDKs and custom connection profiles.
  3. Implement a façade for public clients: Never expose Fabric SDK credentials to browsers or untrusted environments—place a server-side API between clients and Fabric.
  4. Automate CI/CD: Include unit tests for chaincode logic, integration tests against ephemeral networks, and deployment pipelines for chaincode packaging and approvals.
  5. Security posture: Enforce TLS, rotate certificates, isolate admin operations, and employ least-privilege identities for applications.

Testing tips: use channel-level mock data, replay recorded endorsement responses for deterministic unit tests, and simulate peer failures to validate client retry logic.

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FAQ: What is the Fabric API?

The Fabric API comprises SDKs, the Gateway API, chaincode interfaces, and CA endpoints that let applications manage identities, submit transactions, and query ledger state on Hyperledger Fabric networks.

FAQ: How do I choose between Gateway and direct SDKs?

Use the Gateway API for simpler, high-level transaction workflows and reduced configuration. Choose direct SDKs when you need low-level control over discovery, endorsement policies, or custom peer selection logic.

FAQ: Can I expose Fabric functionality via REST?

Yes. Implement a secure REST proxy or API gateway to translate HTTP calls to Fabric SDK operations. This adds flexibility for web/mobile clients but requires careful identity and input validation.

FAQ: What are best practices for identity and key management?

Use Fabric CA for certificate issuance, adopt hardware-backed key stores where possible, separate admin and app roles, and rotate/revoke certificates according to policy. Avoid embedding private keys in client-side code.

FAQ: How should I monitor Fabric API usage and performance?

Instrument SDK calls, capture latency and endorsement statistics, log chaincode events, and integrate with observability stacks (Prometheus/Grafana). Monitor peer health and orderer topology to correlate API issues with network state.

FAQ: What common pitfalls should I watch for?

Common issues include endorsement mismatches due to non-deterministic chaincode, exposing credentials to clients, insufficient testing of policy changes, and lacking observability for transaction failures.

Disclaimer: This article is educational and technical in nature. It does not provide financial, legal, or regulatory advice. Implementations should be validated against your organization's compliance and security requirements.

Research

REST API Explained: Design, Security & Best Practices

Token Metrics Team
4
MIN

REST APIs are the connective tissue of modern web and mobile applications. Whether you're integrating services, building microservices, or exposing data for AI agents, a clear grasp of REST API principles helps you design interfaces that are maintainable, performant, and secure. This guide walks through the core concepts, practical design patterns, authentication and security considerations, and tooling that make REST APIs reliable in production.

What is a REST API and core principles

REST (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style that uses standard HTTP verbs and status codes to manipulate resources. Key tenets include:

  • Statelessness: Each request contains all information needed to process it; servers don’t maintain client session state.
  • Resources and representations: Resources are identified by URIs; responses return representations (JSON, XML) describing resource state.
  • Uniform interface: Use predictable HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH) and status codes for consistent client-server interaction.
  • Layered system: Clients need not be aware of whether they communicate with the origin server or an intermediary.

Understanding these principles helps when choosing between REST, GraphQL, or RPC for a given use case. REST is well-suited for CRUD-style operations, caching, and wide compatibility with HTTP tooling.

Design patterns: resources, versioning, and idempotency

Good API design starts with modeling resources and their relationships. Practical patterns include:

  • Resource naming: Use plural nouns and hierarchical paths (e.g., /users/{userId}/orders).
  • Versioning: Use URL or header-based versioning (e.g., /v1/ or Accept header) to avoid breaking clients.
  • Idempotency: Ensure methods like PUT and DELETE can be retried safely; supply idempotency keys for POST when necessary.
  • Pagination and filtering: Provide cursor-based or offset-based pagination, with clear metadata for total counts and next cursors.

Design with backward compatibility in mind: deprecate endpoints with clear timelines, and prefer additive changes over breaking ones.

Authentication, authorization, and security considerations

Security is non-negotiable. Common, interoperable mechanisms include:

  • API keys: Simple and useful for identifying applications, but pair with TLS and usage restrictions.
  • OAuth 2.0: Industry-standard for delegated authorization in user-centric flows; combine with short-lived tokens and refresh tokens.
  • JWTs: JSON Web Tokens are compact bearer tokens useful for stateless auth; validate signatures and expiration, and avoid storing sensitive data in payloads.
  • Transport security: Enforce TLS (HTTPS) everywhere and use HSTS policies; mitigate mixed-content risks.
  • Rate limiting & throttling: Protect backends from abuse and accidental spikes; return clear headers that expose remaining quota and reset times.

Also consider CORS policies, input validation, and strict output encoding to reduce injection risks. Implement principle of least privilege for every endpoint and role.

Performance, observability, and tooling

Operational maturity requires monitoring and testing across the lifecycle. Focus on these areas:

  • Caching: Use HTTP cache headers (Cache-Control, ETag) and CDN fronting for public resources to reduce latency and load.
  • Instrumentation: Emit structured logs, request traces (OpenTelemetry), and metrics (latency, error rate, throughput) to diagnose issues quickly.
  • API specifications: Define schemas with OpenAPI/Swagger to enable client generation, validation, and interactive docs.
  • Testing: Automate contract tests, integration tests, and fuzzing for edge cases; run load tests to establish scaling limits.
  • Developer experience: Provide SDKs, clear examples, and consistent error messages to accelerate integration and reduce support overhead.

Tooling choices—Postman, Insomnia, Swagger UI, or automated CI checks—help maintain quality as the API evolves. For AI-driven integrations, exposing well-documented JSON schemas and stable endpoints is critical.

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What is REST and when should I choose it?

REST is ideal for resource-oriented services where standard HTTP semantics are beneficial. Choose REST when caching, simplicity, wide client compatibility, and predictable CRUD semantics are priorities. For highly dynamic queries, consider GraphQL as a complement rather than a replacement.

How do I manage breaking changes?

Version endpoints, use feature flags, and publish changelogs with migration guides. Prefer additive changes (new fields, new endpoints) and give clients time to migrate before removing legacy behavior.

What authentication method should I implement?

Match the method to the use case: API keys for server-to-server integrations, OAuth 2.0 for delegated user access, and JWTs for stateless session claims. Always layer these with TLS and short token lifetimes.

How should I handle rate limits and abuse?

Enforce per-key and per-IP limits, surface quota headers, and provide graceful 429 responses with a Retry-After header. Use adaptive throttling to protect critical downstream systems.

Which tools help maintain a healthy API lifecycle?

Adopt OpenAPI for specs, use Postman or Swagger UI for exploratory testing, integrate contract tests into CI, and deploy observability stacks (Prometheus, Grafana, OpenTelemetry) to monitor behavior in production.

Disclaimer

This article is for educational and technical guidance only. It does not constitute legal, security, or operational advice. Evaluate risks and compliance requirements against your own environment before implementing changes.

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