What is Litecoin Halving and its Impact?

Crypto Basics

What is Litecoin Halving and its Impact?

Learn everything about Litecoin halving, its mechanism, and its history. Also, discover its impact on mining rewards and market value.

S. Vishwa

6 Minutes

MIN

Index

Overview of Solana Blockchain

Cryptocurrency enthusiasts and investors always look for events that can potentially impact their favorite digital assets' price and market dynamics. One such event that often generates excitement and speculation is halving.

In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the world of Litecoin halving, exploring its meaning, the potential impact on price, and strategies for trading this critical milestone. So, fasten your seatbelts and join us on this journey to uncover the secrets of Litecoin halving.

Understanding Litecoin Halving

Litecoin, often referred to as Bitcoin's "little brother," shares many similarities with its more famous counterpart. One of these similarities is the mechanism of halving.

Litecoin halving is a process that occurs approximately every four years, reducing the mining rewards for validating transactions on the Litecoin blockchain.

This reduction in rewards has significant implications for miners, the Litecoin ecosystem, and the price of Litecoin itself.

Unlike traditional fiat currencies, which can be printed at will by central banks, cryptocurrencies like Litecoin have a limited supply. In the case of Litecoin, the maximum supply is set at 84 million coins.

The purpose of halving is to control the rate at which new Litecoins are introduced into circulation, ensuring a gradual and predictable issuance of new coins. By reducing the block rewards, Litecoin aims to maintain scarcity and prevent inflationary pressures.

The Mechanics of Litecoin Halving

To understand Litecoin halving, we must first grasp the concept of block rewards. New Litecoins are created when miners add new transactions to blocks.

The miner who successfully adds a block to the Litecoin blockchain is rewarded with a certain amount of Litecoin. This reward consists of a fixed number of new Litecoins and transaction fees included in the block.

Litecoin halving occurs after every 840,000 blocks are mined. Considering the average block mining rate of 2.5 minutes, this event takes place approximately once every four years.

During halving, the block reward is cut in half, reducing the number of Litecoins awarded to miners for validating transactions. This process will continue until no more Litecoins are left to mine, which is estimated to occur around the year 2142.

The Impact of Litecoin Halving

Litecoin halving has a twofold impact: on miners and on the price of Litecoin itself. Let's explore these effects in more detail:

Impact on Miners: Reducing block rewards directly affects miners' income. With each halving event, miners receive fewer Litecoins for their efforts in validating transactions.

This decrease in rewards can have profound implications for the mining community. On one hand, it may discourage less serious miners who are primarily motivated by potential financial gains.

On the other hand, it can create an environment where only committed and dedicated miners continue to operate, ensuring the security and stability of the Litecoin network.

Also Read - How to Mine Litecoin?

Impact on Price: The halving event also has implications for the price of Litecoin. Reducing mining rewards leads to a decrease in the supply of newly minted Litecoins.

This decrease in supply, coupled with the constant demand for Litecoin, can create a supply-demand imbalance, potentially driving up the price of the LTC.

However, it is essential to note that the price action following halving events is highly unpredictable and influenced by various factors such as market sentiment, investor behavior, and overall market conditions.

Litecoin Halving History

Litecoin has already experienced halving events in its history. Let's take a closer look at some of Litecoin's halving dates:

As per the existing schedule, Litecoin halving events occur approximately every four years. The next halving is expected to occur in 2027, further reducing the block reward to 1.5625 LTC. These halving events play a vital role in controlling the issuance of new Litecoins and maintaining scarcity in the long run.

Litecoin Halving and Price Predictions

One of the most common questions surrounding Litecoin's halving is how it will impact the price of the cryptocurrency.

While it is challenging to provide an accurate prediction, historical data, and market trends can give us some insights into potential price movements.

Previous Litecoin Halving Price Trends

Looking back at the previous halvings, Litecoin's price exhibited distinct patterns following each event. Let's examine the price trends after the first and second Litecoin halvings:

First Litecoin Halving (August 25, 2015)

After the first halving, Litecoin's price initially traded sideways for over a year, entering a phase of stagnation.

While a buy-and-hold strategy may not have been the most profitable approach during this period, traders employing ranging market strategies could have capitalized on the price fluctuations.

This stagnation phase was followed by a bull phase, characterized by a significant increase in Litecoin's price over a period of six months to a year.

A pullback/bear phase eventually succeeded the bull phase, marked by a correction lasting approximately a year. Finally, Litecoin entered an accumulation phase, likely driven by pre-halving accumulation, before the cycle repeated itself with the second halving.

Also Read - Next Crypto Bull Run

Second Litecoin Halving (August 5, 2019)

The second halving event saw a different price trajectory for Litecoin. Prior to the halving, Litecoin experienced an upward trend, reaching a peak in July 2019.

However, the price started to decline immediately after the halving, leading to a period of bearish sentiment. The price continued to fall until it stabilized, and the market entered a period of consolidation and accumulation.

Price Predictions for Future Halvings

Predicting the exact impact of the upcoming Litecoin halving on its price is challenging. While historical data provides some insights, it is crucial to consider other fundamental factors that influence Litecoin's price volatility and trends.

Factors such as Bitcoin's price movements, the level of adoption of Litecoin, and overall market sentiment can significantly influence the price of Litecoin in the long run.

While past halving events have historically positively impacted the price of Litecoin, it is important to note that past performance does not guarantee future results.

Market conditions and cryptocurrency prices can be highly volatile, and the future performance of Litecoin is subject to various factors and uncertainties.

Therefore, it is advisable to conduct thorough research, consider the risks associated with cryptocurrency investments, and consult a financial advisor before making any investment decisions.

Conclusion

Litecoin halving is a significant event in the world of cryptocurrencies, with potential implications for miners, the price of Litecoin, and trading strategies.

Understanding the mechanics and history of Litecoin halving can provide valuable insights for investors and traders.

While the exact impact of halving on Litecoin's price is uncertain, it is essential to consider various factors and conduct thorough research before making any investment decisions.

Whether you choose to trade Litecoin halving or explore other avenues to grow your Litecoin holdings, always remember to stay informed, manage risk effectively, and consult with professionals when needed.

Disclaimer

The information provided on this website does not constitute investment advice, financial advice, trading advice, or any other advice, and you should not treat any of the website's content as such.

Token Metrics does not recommend buying, selling, or holding any cryptocurrency. Conduct your due diligence and consult your financial advisor before making investment decisions.

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Understanding Public vs Private Crypto APIs: Key Differences Explained

Token Metrics Team

MIN

APIs power much of the innovation in the crypto space, but developers and analysts often face a key technical crossroads: Should you use a public or a private crypto API? Each API type serves different use cases and comes with its own set of advantages, limitations, and security requirements. Understanding these differences is critical for building effective crypto platforms, bots, and research tools.

What Are Crypto APIs?

Crypto APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) are sets of rules that let software applications interact with blockchain data, exchanges, wallets, or analytical tools. APIs bring order to a decentralized landscape, making it possible to access real-time prices, submit transactions, retrieve on-chain activity, or gather analytics—often without manually interacting with the blockchain itself.

There are two primary categories of crypto APIs:

Public APIs – Open, broadly accessible interfaces providing non-sensitive data or public blockchain information.
Private APIs – Restricted endpoints requiring authentication and permissions, allowing access to user-specific or sensitive operations.

But how do these two categories truly differ, and why does it matter for crypto application development and data consumption?

Public Crypto APIs: Open Access to Blockchain Data

Public crypto APIs typically provide access to information that is either non-sensitive or already visible on public blockchains. Examples include:

Market prices and trading volume
Blockchain explorer data (transactions, blocks, network statistics)
Token metadata and listings
General protocol or exchange status

Key traits of public APIs:

No login required: Most public APIs are accessible without authentication, although rate limits may be enforced to prevent abuse.
Great for data feeds: Ideal for researchers, portfolio trackers, or analytics dashboards needing large-scale, up-to-date datasets.
Limited functionality: Public APIs do not let you interact with personal accounts, make trades, or perform actions that expose user data.

For instance, if you want to build a website displaying the latest Bitcoin price or trending DeFi projects, you’d usually rely on public crypto APIs.

Private Crypto APIs: Secure, Authenticated Endpoints

Private crypto APIs open the door to more sensitive and powerful functionality, but require strict controls. They are generally used for:

Accessing user-specific account balances
Placing, modifying, or cancelling trades on an exchange
Transferring funds or managing API keys
Retrieving private analytics, custom watchlists, or signals

Key characteristics include:

Authentication required: Commonly via API keys, OAuth tokens, or signatures. This protects user data and controls access.
Security and privacy orientations: Implemented with strict rate limiting, encryption in transit, and granular permissions.
Risk of exposure: Poorly managed private keys or API credentials can lead to loss of control over accounts or assets.

Developers building personal portfolio management tools, automated trading bots, or custodial dashboards integrate private crypto APIs to enable a customized, authenticated user experience.

Key Differences: Public vs Private Crypto APIs

Understanding the distinctions helps teams design more robust crypto products:

Access & Security: Public APIs are low-risk and have minimal restrictions, whereas private APIs can expose user or financial data if mishandled.
Rate Limiting: Public APIs have moderate limits to ensure fair usage, while private endpoints often get higher quotas based on trust and verification.
Functional Scope: Public endpoints only relay general data; private endpoints enable actionable operations like trading or transferring assets.
Use Case Alignment: Public APIs suit real-time charts, analytics, and research, while private APIs drive account-specific dashboards, bots, and custom integrations.

The choice often comes down to your project requirements: If you just need publicly available blockchain data or market feeds, public APIs suffice. If your solution needs to modify user data or interact on behalf of a user, private APIs with strong authentication are mandatory.

Choosing the Right API for Secure Crypto Development

Several factors help determine whether a public or private crypto API is appropriate:

Data Sensitivity: Is the data or action user-specific or can it be safely shared with the public?
Application Purpose: Are you building an analytics dashboard (public API) or a trading bot (private API)?
Security Posture: Does your team have processes for securely storing and rotating API keys?
API Provider Reputation: Evaluate available documentation, historical uptime, and support—especially with private APIs.

Following best practices for handling API credentials—such as storing secrets off-chain, using environment variables, and enforcing minimal permission scopes—can greatly reduce risk.

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Frequently Asked Questions: Public vs Private Crypto APIs

What can I build with public crypto APIs?

Public crypto APIs help developers launch apps like price tickers, market dashboards, blockchain explorers, and analytics tools that require broadly accessible, non-sensitive data. They are ideal for gathering real-time feeds or tracking on-chain activity without user authentication.

How do private crypto APIs handle security?

Private crypto APIs protect endpoints with authentication mechanisms like API keys, OAuth, or digital signatures. This ensures only authorized clients can fetch sensitive information or perform actions like trading or withdrawals. API providers also employ rate limits and monitor usage for suspicious behavior.

Are rate limits different for public vs private APIs?

Yes. Public APIs often have stricter rate limits to prevent abuse, since anyone can access them. Private API users, once authenticated, may receive higher quotas, prioritizing account-specific operations.

What are the risks of using private API keys in crypto?

Exposed, leaked, or improperly stored private API keys can allow malicious actors to access accounts, make unauthorized trades, or withdraw funds. Always use environment variables, restrict permissions, and rotate keys periodically.

How do I choose the best crypto API provider?

Look for reliability, comprehensive documentation, secure authentication, supportive developer communities, and transparent pricing. Solutions like Token Metrics combine robust data coverage and AI-powered insights for flexible crypto app development.

Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute financial or investment advice. Always perform your own research and implement strong security practices when developing crypto applications or integrating APIs.

Research

API Security Essentials: How to Authenticate and Protect Your API Requests

Token Metrics Team

MIN

APIs power everything from mobile apps to crypto trading platforms. As they become the backbone of digital finance and decentralized applications, securing API endpoints is more critical than ever. A single vulnerability can expose sensitive data, undermine user trust, or even lead to costly breaches. So, how can you authenticate and secure your API requests effectively?

Understanding API Authentication Fundamentals

API authentication is the process of verifying that API requests come from legitimate sources. This step is essential to prevent unauthorized access and data leaks, especially in industries handling sensitive information like cryptocurrency and finance. There are several standard authentication methods:

API Keys: Basic yet popular; clients receive a unique token identifying their requests. However, keys alone are not sufficient unless properly managed and kept confidential.
OAuth 2.0: An authorization framework used by many leading platforms for delegated user access without exposing credentials. It supports fine-grained permissions and token expiration for higher security.
JWT (JSON Web Tokens): Encoded tokens containing user and permission data, signed for integrity. JWTs are commonly used in stateless authentication flows due to their portability and standardization.
HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code): Ensures both authenticity and integrity by letting clients sign API requests using a shared secret, verifying that the data has not been altered in transit.

Choosing the right authentication mechanism depends on your application's needs, security requirements, and threat model. For example, high-value crypto data or transaction endpoints require more robust solutions than public info APIs.

Securing API Requests: Encryption and Data Protection

Authentication can only go so far without communication channel security. APIs must use encryption to safeguard data in transit. Here’s how to reinforce API requests against interception and tampering:

HTTPS/TLS: Mandatory for all API traffic. Encrypted connections prevent man-in-the-middle attacks and secure private data exchanged with your API.
Certificate Pinning: Reduces the risk of certificate authority (CA) compromise by ensuring API clients only connect to trusted, recognized servers.
Encrypt Sensitive Payloads: For especially private information (e.g., wallet keys, user identifiers), encrypt payloads beyond transport encryption before sending.
Limit Data Exposure: Only return necessary data in API responses. Overexposed APIs create unnecessary risk, especially when returning critical financial or identity information.

Data protection is not purely about outside attackers. Proper encryption and data minimization also reduce compliance risk and support privacy best practices relevant to digital assets.

Best Practices for API Key and Secret Management

API keys and secrets are valuable attack targets—treat them like passwords. Here are practical steps to keep them secure:

Never Embed Secrets in Client-Side Code: Keys in JavaScript or mobile apps can be easily extracted and abused. Always handle sensitive tokens on a secure backend server.
Implement Key Rotation: Change secrets regularly and immediately revoke compromised keys. Automated rotation limits potential damage from leaks.
Use Scoped Permissions: Assign only the minimum required privileges to API keys. Fine-grained permissions restrict what actions a compromised key could perform.
Storage in Secret Managers: Use established tools (e.g., AWS Secrets Manager, HashiCorp Vault) for storing and accessing keys, rather than environment variables or config files.
Monitor Key Usage: Set up alerts for abnormal key activity—such as new locations, excessive requests, or usage spikes—to catch and act on suspicious behavior quickly.

In the world of crypto APIs, where unauthorized trades or fund transfers can have major consequences, diligent key management is foundational to API security.

Additional API Security Controls and Threat Prevention

Authentication and encryption are essential, but holistic API security requires additional layers of defense:

Rate Limiting & Throttling: Prevents API abuse and distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks by restricting the number of requests per minute or hour for each client.
IP Allowlisting: Restrict API access to approved server or office ranges to limit exposure in case keys are leaked.
Input Validation & Sanitization: Defend against injection attacks by ensuring only properly formatted, expected data can be submitted to your API endpoints.
Logging and Audit Trails: Record who accessed what and when. Detailed logs help identify breaches quickly and fulfill regulatory audit requirements.
Regular Penetration Testing: Simulate attacks to find and patch weaknesses before they are exploited in production environments.

Effective API security is an ongoing process. Stay updated with the latest threats and best practices—especially as new technologies and decentralized protocols evolve in the crypto sector.

How AI and Secure APIs Are Shaping Crypto Development

The rapid growth of digital assets has driven demand for real-time data, automated trading strategies, and personalized user experiences. Crypto APIs, especially those leveraging AI, enable everything from on-chain analytics to dynamic risk scoring. However, these capabilities also come with heightened security stakes: AI-driven agents making transactions or analyzing blockchain data depend on reliable, tamper-proof sources.

Integrating secure APIs backed by strong authentication and threat prevention supports:

Accurate, timely access to pricing and blockchain analytics
Protection against malicious interference in trading signals or execution
Compliance with increasing regulatory and cybersecurity requirements
Trust in AI-driven decision support systems for both individual and institutional users

Using advanced API security controls helps crypto app developers maximize innovation while safeguarding users and market integrity.

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Token Metrics provides real-time prices, trading signals, and on-chain insights all from one powerful API. Grab a Free API Key

FAQ: Securing API Requests

What is the difference between API authentication and authorization?

Authentication confirms the identity of the API requestor, while authorization defines what resources and actions that identity can access or perform. Both are needed for secure API usage.

Should I use API keys, OAuth, or JWT for my crypto app?

The choice depends on your use case. API keys are simple for service-to-service communication. OAuth offers stronger, user-specific security. JWT excels in stateless authentication. Many robust crypto APIs use combinations depending on endpoint sensitivity.

How can I safely distribute API keys to users?

Provide keys using secure, authenticated user portals. Avoid email or plaintext transmission. Always ensure users understand to treat API credentials like passwords and never share or expose them.

What are common mistakes that weaken API security?

Embedding secrets in frontend code, not enforcing HTTPS, failing to rotate keys, ignoring rate limits, and returning too much sensitive data are common but avoidable risks.

How often should I review and update my API security settings?

Review security policies and settings at least quarterly, or following any significant change (e.g., new endpoints, user roles, or integration partners). Promptly address newly discovered vulnerabilities and emerging threats.

Disclaimer

This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute technology, investment, or legal advice. Security strategies and technologies evolve rapidly; always consult with cybersecurity professionals before implementing any measures in critical or regulated environments.

Research

Top Programming Languages for Working with Crypto APIs

Token Metrics Team

MIN

As the crypto ecosystem expands, APIs are the bridge connecting developers to real-time prices, blockchain data, and decentralized tools. Choosing the right programming language is critical—whether you're building trading bots, portfolio trackers, or AI research agents for digital assets. How do you select the most effective language for working with crypto APIs? Let's break down the options, trade-offs, and best practices for developers entering this dynamic space.

Python: The Leading Choice for Crypto APIs

Python stands out as the top choice for many developers building crypto-powered applications. Its simple syntax, robust standard libraries, and thriving open-source community have propelled it to the forefront of blockchain and crypto development. Here's why:

Extensive library support: Powerful packages such as requests, web3.py, and ccxt simplify everything from basic REST calls to advanced blockchain and exchange integrations.
AI and data science integration: Python's dominance in AI and machine learning (through libraries like TensorFlow and scikit-learn) makes it ideal if you want to combine crypto market data with analytics or modeling.
Rapid prototyping: Python's readability increases development speed, allowing teams to quickly test new crypto strategies or data queries.
Strong community and documentation: There are abundant tutorials and prebuilt modules for most major exchanges and blockchains, lowering the entry barrier for newcomers.

Python is especially popular for backend services, trading bots, analytics dashboards, and AI-driven crypto research platforms. Its versatility makes it an excellent starting point for most crypto API projects.

JavaScript and Node.js: For Both Web and Backend

JavaScript's ubiquity in web development—and the rise of Node.js for backend—have cemented its importance in the crypto API landscape. Here's why developers favor JavaScript:

Full-stack flexibility: With frameworks like React or Vue.js on the frontend, and Node.js on the backend, developers can seamlessly create interactive dApps and dashboards that communicate with blockchain or exchange APIs.
Real-time capabilities: Libraries like web3.js make it easy to connect web applications directly to Ethereum and other blockchains, powering features like wallet integration and token swaps.
Growing DeFi ecosystem: Many decentralized finance (DeFi) products and Web3 tools have rich JavaScript or TypeScript SDKs for easy adoption.
Strong community: JavaScript's vast ecosystem ensures that support is available for integrating most major crypto APIs, whether for simple price data or advanced smart contract interactions.

JavaScript and Node.js are top picks for projects focused on user-facing dashboards, live trading interfaces, and dApp development where real-time interaction is crucial.

Compiled Languages: Go, Java, and C#

For developers who prioritize performance and scalability, compiled languages like Go, Java, and C# come into play:

Go (Golang): Known for its concurrency support and efficiency, Go is popular for blockchain node clients (e.g., Ethereum's Geth) and high-throughput servers that need to process large amounts of real-time crypto data via APIs. Its static typing helps reduce runtime errors, and its small binaries make deployment easy.
Java: Java remains a leading choice in enterprise environments where reliability and security are paramount. Java powers several blockchain SDKs (such as BitcoinJ) and is often favored for building robust backend crypto services.
C#: Particularly useful for Windows-based environments and gaming platforms leveraging blockchain assets. Libraries like NBitcoin enable smooth API integration with Bitcoin and related networks.

While these languages often require more boilerplate and steeper learning curves than Python or JavaScript, they excel in situations where uptime, parallel processing, and performance are vital.

Smart Contract and Blockchain-Specific Languages: Solidity & Rust

When your project needs to interact deeply with blockchain networks beyond just APIs—such as deploying smart contracts or working at the protocol level—specialized languages become essential:

Solidity: The dominant language for Ethereum smart contracts, Solidity is essential for developers building and querying contracts directly. While typically not used to interact with APIs, it's often complemented by Python (web3.py) or JavaScript (web3.js) scripts that handle API calls and contract interactions together.
Rust: Fast rising in popularity, Rust powers next-gen blockchains like Solana and Near. Its emphasis on memory safety and concurrency makes it ideal for performance-critical crypto platforms. Rust also supports tooling for building high-speed client libraries and backend services that consume blockchain APIs.

For API-focused projects, these languages play a role primarily when paired with a more general-purpose language (like Python or JavaScript) for off-chain tasks, with the specialized code handling on-chain logic.

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Language for Crypto APIs

The ideal programming language depends on a few project-specific factors:

Project type: Analytics and research tools often favor Python; user-facing platforms lean towards JavaScript/Node.js; and mission-critical applications may benefit from Go or Java.
API documentation and libraries: Mature APIs will have client libraries in popular languages. Libraries like Token Metrics API, Binance, or Coinbase typically support Python, JavaScript, and Java.
Security considerations: Languages with clear type systems and strong error handling (like Rust and Go) may reduce API integration risks.
Team expertise: Leverage your team’s current language strengths to minimize onboarding time and maximize productivity.
Ecosystem support: Evaluate how active the language’s crypto developer community is for support and ongoing maintenance of crypto API wrappers or SDKs.

Ultimately, the best crypto API projects balance technical strengths, developer proficiency, and the support network a programming language provides.

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Token Metrics provides real-time prices, trading signals, and on-chain insights all from one powerful API. Grab a Free API Key

Is Python better than JavaScript for working with crypto APIs?

Both Python and JavaScript are leading choices. Python excels for backend analytics and AI-driven tools, while JavaScript is often used for building interactive dApps and web interfaces directly leveraging APIs. The right choice often depends on your application requirements and team expertise.

What libraries can help integrate APIs in crypto apps?

Popular libraries include web3.py and ccxt for Python, web3.js and ethers.js for JavaScript, as well as client SDKs provided by leading exchanges and data providers. Token Metrics also offers a powerful API for market data and analytics.

How can I enhance API security in crypto projects?

Use secure API key management, implement rate limiting, utilize HTTPS for data transmission, and validate all external responses. Choosing a strongly-typed language (like Go or Rust) and leveraging well-maintained libraries can reduce vulnerabilities.

Should I learn Solidity or Rust for API development?

Solidity and Rust are best suited for smart contract and protocol-level blockchain work—not direct API integration. For most API-driven crypto projects, Python, JavaScript, or Go are more practical; learn Solidity or Rust if you plan to develop on-chain logic or new blockchain platforms.

How does Token Metrics support developers working with crypto APIs?

Token Metrics delivers AI-driven crypto analytics and signals via a unified API, empowering developers to build research, trading, or analytical tools rapidly. The platform provides robust documentation and versatile endpoints compatible with major programming languages.

Disclaimer

This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute investment, financial, or legal advice. Use all programming languages, APIs, and crypto tools at your own risk and always conduct thorough technical due diligence before integrating third-party services or tools into your projects.

Token Metrics Media LLC is a regular publication of information, analysis, and commentary focused especially on blockchain technology and business, cryptocurrency, blockchain-based tokens, market trends, and trading strategies.

Token Metrics Media LLC does not provide individually tailored investment advice and does not take a subscriber’s or anyone’s personal circumstances into consideration when discussing investments; nor is Token Metrics Advisers LLC registered as an investment adviser or broker-dealer in any jurisdiction.

Information contained herein is not an offer or solicitation to buy, hold, or sell any security. The Token Metrics team has advised and invested in many blockchain companies. A complete list of their advisory roles and current holdings can be viewed here: https://tokenmetrics.com/disclosures.html/

Token Metrics Media LLC relies on information from various sources believed to be reliable, including clients and third parties, but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of that information. Additionally, Token Metrics Media LLC does not provide tax advice, and investors are encouraged to consult with their personal tax advisors.

All investing involves risk, including the possible loss of money you invest, and past performance does not guarantee future performance. Ratings and price predictions are provided for informational and illustrative purposes, and may not reflect actual future performance.

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