Research

Mastering Paginated API Responses: Efficiently Listing All Transactions

Learn how to reliably retrieve complete transaction histories using paginated API responses. Discover best practices, security tips, and tools for seamless crypto data analytics.
Token Metrics Team
5
MIN

Managing large volumes of blockchain transaction data is a common challenge for developers building crypto dashboards, on-chain analytics tools, or AI applications. Most APIs limit responses to prevent server overload, making pagination the default when listing all transactions. But how can you reliably and efficiently gather complete transaction histories? Let’s dive into proven strategies for handling paginated API responses.

Understanding Pagination in Transaction APIs

APIs often implement pagination to break up large datasets—such as transaction histories—into manageable portions. When requesting transaction data, instead of receiving thousands of records in one call (which could strain bandwidth or lead to timeouts), the API returns a subset (a "page") and instructions for fetching subsequent pages.

  • Limit/Offset Pagination: Requests specify a limit (number of items) and an offset (start position).
  • Cursor-Based Pagination: Uses tokens or "cursors" (often IDs or timestamps) as references to the next page, which is more efficient for real-time data.
  • Keyset Pagination: Similar to cursor-based; leverages unique keys, usually better for large, ordered datasets.

Each method affects performance, reliability, and implementation details. Understanding which your API uses is the first step to robust transaction retrieval.

Choosing the Right Pagination Strategy

Every API is unique—some allow only cursor-based access, while others support limit/offset or even page numbering. Choosing the right approach hinges on your project’s requirements and the API provider’s documentation. For crypto transaction logs or on-chain data:

  • Cursor-based pagination is preferred—It is resilient to data changes (such as new transactions added between requests), reducing the risk of skipping or duplicating data.
  • Limit/offset is practical for static datasets but can be less reliable for live transaction streams.
  • Hybrid approaches—Some APIs provide hybrid mechanisms to optimize performance and consistency.

For example, the Token Metrics API leverages pagination to ensure large data requests (such as all transactions for a wallet) remain consistent and performant.

Best Practices for Handling Paginated API Responses

To list all transactions efficiently, adhere to these best practices:

  1. Read Documentation Thoroughly: Know how the API signals the next page—via URL, a token, or parameters.
  2. Implement Robust Iteration: Build loops that collect results from each page and continue until no more data remains. Always respect API rate limits and error codes.
  3. De-Duplicate Transactions: Especially important with cursor or keyset strategies, as overlapping results can occur due to data changes during retrieval.
  4. Handle API Rate Limits and Errors: Pause or back-off if rate-limited, and implement retry logic for transient errors.
  5. Use Asynchronous Fetching Carefully: For performance, asynchronous requests are powerful—but be wary of race conditions, ordering, and incomplete data.

Below is a generic pseudocode example for cursor-based pagination:

results = []
cursor = None
while True:
    response = api.get_transactions(cursor=cursor)
    results.extend(response['transactions'])
    if not response['next_cursor']:
        break
    cursor = response['next_cursor']

This approach ensures completeness and flexibility, even for large or frequently-updated transaction lists.

Scaling Crypto Data Retrieval for AI, Analysis, and Automation

For large portfolios, trading bots, or AI agents analyzing multi-chain transactions, efficiently handling paginated API responses is critical. Considerations include:

  • Parallelizing Requests: If the API supports it—and rate limits allow—fetching different address histories or block ranges in parallel speeds up data loading.
  • Stream Processing: Analyze transactions as they arrive, rather than storing millions of rows in memory.
  • Data Freshness: Transaction data changes rapidly; leveraging APIs with webhooks or real-time "tailing" (where you fetch new data as it arrives) can improve reliability.
  • Integration with AI Tools: Automate anomaly detection, value tracking, or reporting by feeding retrieved transactions into analytics platforms. Advanced solutions like Token Metrics can supercharge analysis with AI-driven insights from unified APIs.

Security Considerations and Data Integrity

When fetching transaction data, always practice security hygiene:

  • Secure API Keys: Protect your API credentials. Never expose them in public code repositories.
  • Validate All Data: Even reputable APIs may deliver malformed data or unexpected results. Safeguard against bugs with schema checks and error handling.
  • Respect Privacy and Compliance: If handling user data, ensure storage and processing are secure and privacy-respectful.

Systematically checking for data consistency between pages helps ensure you don’t miss or double-count transactions—a key concern for compliance and reporting analytics.

Build Smarter Crypto Apps & AI Agents with Token Metrics

Token Metrics provides real-time prices, trading signals, and on-chain insights all from one powerful API. Grab a Free API Key

Frequently Asked Questions

What is pagination in APIs and why is it used?

Pagination is the process of breaking up a large dataset returned by an API into smaller segments, called pages. This practice prevents bandwidth issues and server overload, improving response times and reliability when dealing with extensive data sets such as blockchain transactions.

Which pagination method is best for crypto transaction APIs?

Cursor-based pagination is typically best for live or evolving datasets like blockchain transactions, as it’s less prone to data inconsistency and works well with rapid updates. However, always follow your chosen API’s recommendations for optimal performance.

How do you ensure no transactions are missed or duplicated?

Always implement data de-duplication by tracking unique transaction IDs. Carefully handle cursors or offsets, and consider double-checking against expected transaction counts or hashes for reliability.

Can I fetch all transactions from multiple addresses at once?

This depends on the API's capabilities. Some APIs allow multi-address querying, while others require paginated requests per address. When retrieving multiple lists in parallel, monitor rate limits and system memory usage.

How can AI and analytics platforms benefit from proper pagination handling?

Efficient handling of paginated responses ensures complete, timely transaction histories—empowering AI-driven analytics tools to perform advanced analysis, detect patterns, and automate compliance tasks without missing critical data.

Disclaimer

This blog post is for informational and educational purposes only. Nothing herein constitutes investment advice or an offer to buy or sell any asset. Please consult relevant documentation and a qualified professional before building production systems.

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Token Metrics Team
Token Metrics Team

Recent Posts

Crypto Basics

Golden Crossing Pattern - What It Is and How to Identify It?

Token Metrics Team
8 minutes
MIN

In the world of crypto trading, technical analysis is a popular method for predicting the future price movements. One of the most well-known term in technical indicators is the "golden cross," which occurs when the short-term moving average of a cryptocurrency's price crosses above its long term moving average. While this pattern is not a guaranteed predictor of future price increases, many traders use it as a part of their overall trading strategy.

In this blog post, we will explore the concept of the golden cross in more detail, including what it is, how it works, and some of the potential risks and strategies of using this pattern in cryptocurrency trading.

What is Golden Crossing?

Golden Crossing is a technical analysis term used in financial markets to describe a bullish trend signal that occurs when a shorter-term moving average crosses above a longer-term moving average. The term "golden" represents this crossover's positive sentiment among traders and investors.

What Does a Golden Crossing Indicate?

A Golden Cross occurs when a shorter-term moving average (such as the 50-day moving average) crosses above a longer-term moving average (such as the 200-day moving average).

This crossing is thought to indicate that the stock's price has been trending higher in the short term and is likely to continue in the longer term. This is considered a bullish signal in technical analysis.

How to Identify a Golden Cross?

To identify a Golden Cross on a chart, you will need to plot two moving averages with different periods. The most common combination used to identify a Golden Cross is the 50-day moving average and the 200-day moving average.

Here are the steps to identify a Golden Cross on a chart:

  1. Open a chart for the crypto asset you want to analyze.
  2. Select the time frame for the graph (e.g., daily, weekly, monthly).
  3. Plot the 50-day moving average and the 200-day moving average on the chart.
  4. Look for where the 50-day moving average crosses above the 200-day moving average.
  5. This point where the 50-day moving average crosses above the 200-day moving average is the Golden Cross.
Golden Crossing

Once you have identified the Golden Cross, you can use it as a signal to buy the crypto asset.

However, as we mentioned earlier, it is important to consider other factors before making an investment decision and not solely rely on a single technical analysis tool.

How to Use the Golden Cross Strategy?

The Golden Cross strategy is a technical analysis tool traders and investors use to identify potential buy signals in financial markets. Here are some steps to use the Golden Cross strategy:

  • Identify the Golden Cross: As we mentioned, the Golden Cross occurs when the shorter-term moving average (e.g., 50-day moving average) crosses above the longer-term moving average (e.g., 200-day moving average).
  • Confirm the signal: Traders and investors usually use other technical analysis tools to confirm the Golden Cross signal, such as the Relative Strength Index (RSI), Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD), or price patterns like support and resistance levels.
  • Consider fundamental analysis: It is essential to consider the fundamental analysis of the asset, such as earnings reports, financial statements, market trends, and economic indicators. The Golden Cross strategy should be one of many factors in your investment decision.
  • Plan the trade: Once you have identified the Golden Cross and confirmed the signal, you can plan your trade. Set your entry point, stop loss and target price based on your risk tolerance and investment goals.
  • Manage the trade: Monitoring the transaction regularly and adjusting your stop loss and target price based on market conditions is important. Traders and investors use trailing stop losses to protect their profits and manage risks.

Note: It is important to note that the Golden Cross strategy does not guarantee success, and traders and investors should always be aware of the risks involved in trading and investing. As with any trading strategy, conducting proper research, managing risk, and having a well-defined trading plan are essential.

7 Best Golden Cross Trading Strategies

Here are seven Golden Cross trading strategies that traders and investors can use to identify potential buy signals in financial markets:

  • Simple Golden Cross: This basic Golden Cross strategy occurs when the 50-day moving average exceeds the 200-day moving average. Traders use this strategy to identify a bullish trend and enter a long position.
  • Multiple Moving Averages: Traders can use various moving averages, such as the 20-day, 50-day, and 200-day moving averages, to confirm the Golden Cross signal. If all moving averages cross above each other, it can demonstrate a strong bullish trend.
  • Golden Cross with Relative Strength Index (RSI): Traders can use the RSI indicator to confirm the Golden Cross signal. If the RSI crosses above the 50 levels simultaneously with the Golden Cross, it can indicate a strong bullish trend.
  • Golden Cross with Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD): Traders can use the MACD indicator to confirm the Golden Cross signal. If the MACD line crosses above the signal line simultaneously with the Golden Cross, it can indicate a strong bullish trend.
  • Golden Cross with Support and Resistance Levels: Traders can use support and resistance levels to confirm the Golden Cross signal. If the asset’s price breaks above a key resistance level simultaneously with the Golden Cross, it can indicate a strong bullish trend.
  • Golden Cross with Volume: Traders can use volume to confirm the Golden Cross signal. If the asset’s price exceeds the moving averages with high volume, it can indicate a strong bullish trend.
  • Golden Cross with Candlestick Patterns: Traders can use candlestick patterns, such as bullish engulfing or morning star patterns, to confirm the Golden Cross signal. If a bullish candlestick pattern forms at the same time as the Golden Cross, it can indicate a strong bullish trend.

Some Classic Examples Of Golden Cross

Here are some examples of Golden Cross signals that have occurred in financial markets:

  • Bitcoin (BTC): In April 2019, Bitcoin experienced a Golden Cross signal when the 50-day moving average crossed above the 200-day moving average. This signal indicated a potential bullish trend in Bitcoin's price. Traders who entered a long position in Bitcoin at this point would have profited from the subsequent rise in Bitcoin's price.
  • Apple Inc. (AAPL): In April 2019, Apple's stock price experienced a Golden Cross signal when the 50-day moving average exceeded the 200-day moving average. This signal indicated a potential bullish trend in Apple's stock price. Traders who entered a long position would have profited from the subsequent Apple stock price rise.
  • Gold (XAU): In June 2019, Gold experienced a Golden Cross signal when the 50-day moving average crossed above the 200-day moving average. This signal indicated a potential bullish trend in Gold's price. Traders who entered a long position in Gold would have profited from the subsequent rise in Gold's price.

Observing past performance does not indicate future results, so conduct your research, understand the risks involved, and dive deep into investing. The Golden Cross signal is just one tool among many that traders and investors use to identify potential buy signals in financial markets.

Risks Associated With Golden Cross Strategy

Like any trading strategy, the Golden Cross strategy also comes with risks that traders and investors should be aware of:

  • False Signals: The Golden Cross signal does not guarantee future market performance. Traders and investors should research and analyze well before entering a trade, as false signals can occur.
  • Delayed Entry: The Golden Cross signal occurs after the start of a new trend, which means traders and investors who rely on this signal may enter the market later than those who use other indicators or strategies. This can result in missed opportunities or lower potential profits.
  • Market Volatility: The Golden Cross signal may be less effective during periods of market volatility, as the moving averages may cross frequently and produce false signals. Traders and investors should adjust their trading strategies to reflect current market conditions.
  • Whipsaw Effects: The Golden Cross signal may produce whipsaw effects, where the market reverses shortly after the signal. Traders and investors should use other technical analysis tools and risk management techniques to mitigate this risk.

This is why traders and investors should carefully consider the risks associated with the Golden Cross strategy and their own risk tolerance and investment objectives before using this strategy in financial markets.

The Bottom Line

All indicators, in general, are considered to show some ‘lag’, and that no indicator can actually predict the future. It is also observed that the golden cross often produces a false signal leading to regular failure in its predicting power.

Therefore, a golden cross should always be followed by confirmation from other signals and indicators before fixating on a trade. This is why we use more than 50 data points in our AI-based models to predict the cryptocurrency market correctly, here at Token Metrics.

The key to using golden cross - including additional filters and indicators - is to always use proper risk parameters and ratios. Remember that your risk-to-reward ratio has got to be in your favour to yield better results than just following the cross blindly.

Crypto Basics

What is Spot Trading and Is It Profitable?

S. Vishwa
6 minutes
MIN

If you are wondering what is spot trading, this is the place to be.

Spot trading is a fundamental mechanism that allows investors to buy or sell financial assets for immediate delivery or settlement. This type of trading is prevalent in financial markets, such as stocks, currencies, commodities, and cryptocurrencies, and plays a vital role in facilitating price discovery and market efficiency.

One of the significant benefits of spot trading is its flexibility, which enables investors to respond quickly to market movements and capitalize on short-term opportunities.

What is Spot Trading?

In simple words, Spot trading in crypto refers to buying and selling cryptocurrencies for immediate delivery or settlement. In other words, when you engage in spot trading, you exchange one cryptocurrency for another at the current market price without delay or future delivery.

When you engage in spot trading, you're typically looking to profit from short-term price fluctuations in the market. For example, you might buy a cryptocurrency when you think its price will increase and then sell it shortly after to realize a profit. Alternatively, you might sell a cryptocurrency when you consider its price will decrease and repurchase it later at a lower price.

Spot trading differs from other forms of crypto trading, such as futures trading or options trading, which involve buying or selling contracts that obligate you to buy or sell a certain amount of cryptocurrency at a future date and price. In contrast, spot trading involves only the immediate exchange of cryptocurrencies at their current market value.

How Does Crypto Spot Trading Work?

Crypto spot trading allows users to buy or sell cryptocurrencies at the current market price in real-time. Here are the basic steps involved in a typical crypto spot trade:

  • Choose a cryptocurrency exchange: The first step is to choose a cryptocurrency exchange that supports spot trading. Some popular exchanges include Binance, Coinbase, and Kraken.
  • Create an account: Once you've chosen an exchange, you must create an account by providing your personal information and verifying your identity.
  • Fund your account: After creating an account, you must fund it with fiat currency (such as USD or EUR) or another cryptocurrency.
  • Choose the cryptocurrency pair: You must choose the cryptocurrency pair you want to trade. For example, you would choose the BTC/USD pair to buy Bitcoin using USD.
  • Place an order: Once you've selected the cryptocurrency pair, you can order to buy or sell the cryptocurrency at the current market price. You can also choose to place a limit order, which allows you to specify a particular price at which you want to buy or sell the cryptocurrency.
  • Execute the trade: If your order is accepted, the trade will be executed immediately, and you'll receive the purchased cryptocurrency in your exchange wallet.
  • Withdraw your funds: Finally, you can withdraw your funds (either fiat currency or cryptocurrency) from the exchange and transfer them to your personal wallet.

It's important to note that the price of cryptocurrencies can be volatile and may change rapidly. Hence, exercising caution and conducting your own research is important before engaging in spot trading.

Pros and Cons of Crypto Spot Trading

There are several pros and cons to consider when it comes to crypto spot trading:

Pros of Spot Trading

  • Immediate execution: With spot trading, you can buy or sell cryptocurrencies immediately at the current market price, allowing you to take advantage of short-term price movements and capitalize on opportunities.
  • Simplified process: Spot trading is relatively straightforward compared to other forms of trading, such as futures or options trading, which can be more complex and require more expertise.
  • Low fees: Spot trading typically has lower fees than other forms of trading, making it a cost-effective way to trade cryptocurrencies.
  • High liquidity: Crypto spot trading is often highly liquid, meaning there are many buyers and sellers, making it easy to execute trades quickly and efficiently.

Cons of Spot Trading

  • Volatility: The high volatility of cryptocurrencies can make spot trading risky, as the price of cryptocurrencies can fluctuate rapidly and unpredictably.
  • Limited options: Spot trading only allows for buying and selling cryptocurrencies at the current market price, which means that you may have fewer options for trading strategies than other forms of trading.

Overall, spot trading can be a good way to trade cryptocurrencies for those comfortable with the risks involved and want a simple and cost-effective way to take advantage of short-term price movements. However, it's important to do your research and understand the risks involved before engaging in any trading.

Spot Trading Vs. Futures Trading Vs. Margin Trading

Here are some of the key differences between these trading methods:

Spot trading

  1. Immediate execution: In spot trading, trades are executed immediately at the current market price.
  2. Low fees: Spot trading typically has lower fees compared to futures trading.
  3. No expiry date: Spot trading does not have an expiry date, so you can hold your positions for as long as you want.
  4. Simple: Spot trading is relatively straightforward, making it a good option for beginners.

Futures trading

  1. Speculation: Futures trading is often used for speculation or hedging against future price movements.
  2. High leverage: Futures trading allows for high leverage, meaning traders can make larger trades with smaller amounts of capital.
  3. Expiry date: Futures contracts have an expiry date, which means that traders must close their positions before the expiry date.
  4. Complex: Futures trading can be more complex and requires greater expertise than spot trading.

Margin trading

  1. Leverage: Margin trading allows you to borrow funds from a broker to increase your trading position and potential profits.
  2. Higher risk: Margin trading is riskier than spot trading because of the increased leverage and the potential for greater losses.
  3. More complex: Margin trading can be more difficult and requires greater expertise than spot trading.
  4. Higher fees: Margin trading typically has higher prices than spot trading because of the additional costs associated with borrowing funds.

Spot trading is better suited for those who want to buy or sell cryptocurrencies at the current market price. In contrast, futures trading is better suited for those who want to speculate on future price movements or hedge against potential losses. At the same time, margin trading is better suited for those who wish to increase their trading position and potential profits through leverage. Understanding the differences between the three is important as choosing the best fits your trading goals and risk tolerance. 

Is Spot Trading Profitable?

Spot trading can be profitable but involves risk, and profits are not guaranteed. The profitability of spot trading depends on various factors, such as market conditions, the timing of trades, and the individual trader's knowledge and experience.

To increase the chances of profitability, traders may employ various strategies, such as technical analysis, fundamental analysis, or trading on news events. Traders may also use risk management techniques, such as setting stop-loss orders, to limit potential losses.

The Bottom Line

In conclusion, spot trading is an essential aspect of financial markets that allows investors to buy or sell assets for immediate delivery or settlement. It offers several advantages, including liquidity, transparency, and flexibility, making it a popular choice among traders worldwide.

However, spot trading also involves risks such as price volatility and counterparty risk, which investors must manage effectively. Overall, spot trading plays a critical role in facilitating price discovery and market efficiency, enabling investors to make informed investment decisions and capitalize on market opportunities.

Disclaimer

The information provided on this website does not constitute investment advice, financial advice, trading advice, or any other sort of advice and you should not treat any of the website's content as such.

Token Metrics does not recommend that any cryptocurrency should be bought, sold, or held by you. Do conduct your own due diligence and consult your financial advisor before making any investment decisions.

Crypto Basics

Crypto Price APIs - Best Cryptocurrency API List for Real-time Prices

Token Metrics Team
8 minutes
MIN

Cryptocurrency price APIs are essential tools for anyone looking to monitor and analyze the performance of various digital assets. These APIs provide real-time price updates and historical data, allowing users to make informed decisions about buying, selling, and trading cryptocurrencies.

There are many cryptocurrency price APIs available in the market, each with its own set of features and benefits. In this blog post, we will explore some of the key features of crypto price APIs, how to use them and why they are important for investors and traders.

Crypto Price API Overview

Crypto Price API is a way to get real-time and historical cryptocurrency price data. 

This allows developers, traders, and investors to access accurate and up-to-date information on the value of various cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin, among others. 

The API is designed to be fast, reliable, and easy to use, with a variety of endpoints and parameters to customize the data returned. 

It offers a range of features, including support for multiple exchanges and currencies, customizable time intervals, and access to a range of trading data, including volume and order book information. 

Overall, the Crypto Price API is a valuable tool for anyone interested in tracking cryptocurrency prices or developing applications that involve cryptocurrencies.

Types of Crypto Price API

There are several types of crypto price APIs available that provide real-time price data for cryptocurrencies.

The most common type is the RESTful API, which allows developers to retrieve price data using HTTP requests. 

WebSocket API is another popular type of crypto price API that provides real-time streaming of data.

The choice of API will depend on the developer's specific needs and the level of detail required for their application.

How to Use the Crypto Price API?

Using the Token Metrics Data API, one can get real-time prices for cryptocurrencies using the Price endpoint.

What’s inside the $TMAI API?

AI-Powered Trading Signals – Bullish and bearish calls backed by over 80 data points
Real-Time Grades – Instantly assess token momentum with Trader & Investor Grades
Curated Indices – Plug into ready-to-use crypto portfolios by sector or market cap
Lightning-Fast Performance – Built for bots, dashboards, dApps, and next-gen trading tools

Whether you’re building a DeFi dashboard, an alpha-sniping bot, or your own crypto terminal — this is your edge.

Getting started is as easy as:

1. Obtaining an API key by signing up for the Token Metrics Data API Plan.

2. Next, you will need to integrate the API into your application or website using the programming language of your choice. This typically involves sending HTTP requests to the API endpoint and parsing the JSON data that is returned. 

3. Use the Price endpoint to make a call to the API and get real-time prices of cryptocurrencies.

Learn more about all the available endpoints here.

Crypto Price API Features

For crypto price APIs to be considered good, the following features are required to exist:

Real-Time Price Updates

One of the most critical features of a cryptocurrency price API is real-time price updates. With the volatile nature of the crypto market, it is crucial to have up-to-date information on the latest price changes. A good API should provide real-time data feeds that allow users to track changes in the market as they happen.

Historical Data

Another essential feature of a cryptocurrency price API is historical data. Historical data is crucial for analyzing the performance of a particular asset over time. With this information, traders can identify patterns and trends in the market and make informed decisions about when to buy or sell a particular asset.

Data Aggregation

Crypto price APIs often aggregate data from multiple exchanges, providing users with a comprehensive view of the market. This feature is especially useful for traders who want to compare prices across different exchanges and find the best deals.

Customizable Notifications

A good cryptocurrency price API should offer customizable notifications, alerting users when certain price thresholds are met. This feature is particularly useful for investors who want to receive alerts when a particular asset reaches a certain price level.

Accuracy

It is important for the API to return accurate data that is actionable and free-from error. If that is not the case, traders can lose a lot of money relying on false data.

Best Cryptocurrency API List for Real-time Prices

Here is the list of top crypto API providers with Free and paid plans.

  1. Token Metrics API
  2. CoinMarketCap
  3. CoinGecko
  4. CryptoCompare
  5. CCXT

The Bottom Line

In conclusion, crypto APIs play a vital role in the world of cryptocurrency by enabling developers to create innovative applications that interact with various blockchain networks. The best crypto APIs provide reliable and secure access to blockchain data, allowing developers to build applications with confidence and efficiency.

When choosing a crypto API, it is important to consider factors such as pricing, ease of use, security, and the range of features available.

As the ecosystem and toolset surrounding this asset class continue to expand, there has never been a more opportune moment to get started.

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