Crypto Basics

What is a Security Token in Crypto and How it Works?

Learn everything about security tokens and their functionality in the crypto space. Discover how security tokens operate and their impact on investment.
S. Vishwa
5 Minutes
MIN

In the crypto space, security tokens have emerged as a revolutionary concept combining blockchain technology's benefits with traditional finance. These digital assets represent ownership rights or claims to valuable real-world assets, tokenized and stored securely on the blockchain. 

In this article, we will explore the fascinating realm of security tokens, understanding what they are, how they work, and their significance in the crypto landscape.

What is a Security Token?

A security token is a digital representation of ownership or rights to an asset that has been tokenized and stored on a blockchain. It is created through a process called tokenization, where an asset's ownership is transferred to a blockchain and assigned a unique alphanumeric sequence generated by a hashing algorithm. 

This token becomes the digital representation of the underlying asset, such as stocks, bonds, or other securitized assets. Tokenization itself is not a new concept. In traditional finance, companies used to issue paper stock certificates to investors, representing ownership or other rights.

Security tokens are essentially the digital form of these traditional investments. They bring the advantages of blockchain technology, such as transparency, immutability, and efficiency, to the world of securities.

Understanding Tokenization

To grasp the concept of security tokens, it is essential to understand tokenization. Tokenization involves converting an asset's ownership, whether a company or a physical asset like a car, into a digital token on the blockchain. 

This token represents ownership and can be bought, sold, and transferred just like any other digital asset.

For example, let's consider the tokenization of a car. The vehicle's identification number (VIN) and the owner's information can be tokenized and stored on a blockchain. This tokenized representation of ownership can then be traded, allowing for the car's ownership transfer. 

Similarly, security tokens represent ownership or rights to assets, but instead of physical assets, they are typically associated with assets like stocks, bonds, or other securitized assets.

How do Security Tokens Differ from Cryptocurrencies?

While security tokens and cryptocurrencies share similarities as digital assets stored on a blockchain, they serve different purposes. Cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, are designed to be used as decentralized currencies or payment methods. 

They are not explicitly tied to ownership or rights of underlying assets. On the other hand, security tokens are specifically created to represent ownership or rights to assets. 

They are intended to function similarly to traditional investment instruments like stocks and bonds. Security tokens must comply with regulatory requirements and are subject to securities laws, unlike cryptocurrencies.

Benefits of Security Tokens

Security tokens offer several advantages over traditional securities, bringing innovation and efficiency to the investment landscape:

1. Efficiency

Tokenization eliminates the need for intermediaries, streamlining the fundraising and trading processes. This leads to more efficient transactions, reduced settlement times, and lower costs. Dividend issuance, voting capabilities, and liquidation preferences can also be automated, saving time and resources.

2. Automation

By utilizing smart contracts and programmable rules, security tokens enable better compliance with regulations. Compliance rules can be programmed into the token's configuration, ensuring regulatory requirements are met automatically. Payments like dividends can also be automated, improving efficiency and transparency.

3. Transparency

Blockchain technology provides a transparent and immutable record of ownership and transactions. This transparency reduces disputes, enhances investor protection, and mitigates fraudulent activities like document tampering. Investors can trust the accuracy and integrity of the information recorded on the blockchain.

4. Improved Liquidity

One of the most significant advantages of security tokens is their potential to enhance liquidity in traditionally illiquid markets. Tokenizing assets allows for fractional ownership and enables global investor participation. Previously inaccessible or illiquid assets become more accessible, leading to increased liquidity and potential market growth.

5. Market Access

Security tokens open up new investment opportunities and allow investors to diversify their portfolios. With security tokens, investors can access previously unavailable assets or those with limited market access. The blockchain operates 24/7, enabling investors to trade at their convenience without being restricted by weekends, holidays, or bank closures.

6. Innovation

Security tokens unlock possibilities for innovative financial instruments. Programmable contracts and shared ledgers enable the creation of fractionalized real estate, dynamic exchange-traded funds (ETFs), revenue-sharing agreements, and more. The potential for innovation in the digital asset space is vast and continually evolving.

Security Tokens and Regulations

Security tokens are subject to regulations imposed by financial authorities to protect investors and maintain market integrity. 

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) plays a crucial role in overseeing security tokens in the United States. The SEC applies the "Howey Test" to determine whether a token qualifies as a security.

Under the Howey Test, a token is considered a security if it meets certain criteria: there must be an investment of money, a common enterprise, and an expectation of profits from the efforts of others. Compliance with securities regulations is essential to ensure investor protection and maintain market stability.

Investing in Security Tokens

Security tokens are not readily available for retail investors on public stock or cryptocurrency exchanges. However, many institutions are working to gain regulatory approval for security tokens to make them accessible to a broader range of investors. Until then, investing in security tokens may be limited to accredited investors or institutional players.

It is important to note that investing in security tokens carries risks, just like any other investment. Investors should conduct thorough research, assess the credibility of the issuing company, and seek professional advice before making any investment decisions.

Conclusion

Security tokens represent a groundbreaking fusion of blockchain technology and traditional finance. These digital assets offer numerous benefits, including efficiency, automation, transparency, improved liquidity, market access, and opportunities for innovation. 

While security tokens and cryptocurrencies share similarities as blockchain-based assets, security tokens are specifically designed to represent ownership or rights to underlying assets.

As regulations evolve and security token infrastructure matures, these digital assets have the potential to revolutionize the investment landscape, providing new opportunities for investors and unlocking previously untapped markets. 

However, it is crucial for investors to understand the risks associated with security token investments and approach them with caution.

The future of security tokens holds great promise, and as the regulatory environment becomes more favorable, we can expect to see increased adoption and integration of security tokens in the global financial system. 

As with any emerging technology, it is an exciting time to witness the transformation and potential of security tokens in shaping the future of finance.

Disclaimer

The information provided on this website does not constitute investment advice, financial advice, trading advice, or any other advice, and you should not treat any of the website's content as such.

Token Metrics does not recommend buying, selling, or holding any cryptocurrency. Conduct your due diligence and consult your financial advisor before making investment decisions.

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Recent Posts

Research

Altcoin Season Delayed? 2025 Crypto Market Cap Trends Explained

Token Metrics Team
8 min
MIN

In 2025, much of the altcoin market remains subdued. Prices for many tokens are still down more than 90% from their all-time highs. Despite sporadic rallies and renewed interest in certain sectors like meme coins or AI, a broader altcoin season has yet to materialize. The question facing many crypto investors now is: why?

In this analysis, we explore the macro and structural reasons for altcoin underperformance, unpack the liquidity bottleneck, and discuss what might change this narrative going forward.

The Data: Altcoins Still Deep in the Red

By mid-2025, most altcoins remain far below their PEAQ valuations from the last cycle. While Bitcoin and a few select large caps have recovered or even set new highs, the broader altcoin ecosystem continues to lag. This decoupling is not new—it happens every cycle—but the magnitude and persistence this time are notable.

A combination of market structure changes and supply-side dynamics are likely responsible.

Why Liquidity Hasn’t Returned

The most critical variable is liquidity. In previous bull runs, altcoin rallies were fueled by large inflows of new capital. This fresh money—often speculative—moved quickly through different sectors, inflating valuations across the board.

Today, however, the crypto market cap sits at around $3.3 trillion, with only ~$300 billion in net new capital added since the start of the cycle. At the same time, there are far more tokens than ever before. This mismatch between capital and available supply has diluted flows and suppressed upside for all but the strongest assets.

Instead of every token catching a bid, capital is rotating selectively, often into Bitcoin, a few meme coins, or tokens associated with highly visible narratives.

Token Supply Has Exploded

One major shift is the sheer number of tokens now on the market. Since the last bull run, the number of tradable crypto assets has increased significantly—perhaps by an order of magnitude. Many of these tokens have little to no trading volume, real users, or sustained community.

This oversupply of assets creates a fragmented market where attention and liquidity are spread thin. As a result, the days of altcoin beta—when nearly every token would rally simply because “the market is up”—may be over.

Going forward, performance may rely more on fundamentals, usage, and real demand.

Sector Rotation Dominates

Rather than broad-based rallies, the market is experiencing sectoral rotations. Capital flows aggressively between narratives: from meme coins to AI tokens, then to DePIN, and perhaps next to RWAs or perpetual DEXs.

This “hot potato” behavior means even when a sector performs, it's often short-lived. Many traders chase the next hype wave rather than allocating with conviction. The result is volatility without trend sustainability, and thin liquidity across most altcoins.

Institutions Are Still Focused on Bitcoin

Another reason altcoins lag is that institutional interest remains centered on Bitcoin—and to a lesser extent, Ethereum. This is particularly true in 2025, as the regulatory landscape slowly becomes more defined and risk appetite stays muted.

Bitcoin continues to benefit from a macro narrative that positions it as a hedge against inflation, fiat instability, and geopolitical risk. With potential for further escalation in global conflicts and economic uncertainty, BTC is often the first and only crypto asset to attract serious inflows.

Until altcoins can offer a comparable use case or risk-adjusted return, institutional capital will likely remain concentrated in BTC.

What Needs to Change

There are several potential catalysts that could eventually bring altcoins back into focus. These include:

  • Improved Liquidity: More capital entering crypto markets through new ETFs, stablecoin infrastructure, or sovereign adoption.
  • Macro Stabilization: A return to risk-on environments globally could expand investor appetite for high-beta crypto assets.
  • Real Usage: Tokens that can demonstrate strong on-chain revenue, user growth, or ecosystem traction may attract sustained demand.
  • Narrative Shifts: New technological breakthroughs or mass adoption events (e.g., consumer applications, financial integrations) could lead to renewed enthusiasm.
  • Token Burn and Scarcity: Projects that reduce supply through burns or buybacks may outperform in a low-liquidity world.

Avoiding the “Musical Chairs” Risk

An important takeaway from the current market environment is the growing risk of holding underperforming assets too long. The metaphor of “musical chairs” applies here—when the music stops, not all tokens will have a place.

Just as the dot-com bubble led to a major culling of internet companies, the crypto market may be undergoing a similar filtering process. Those with product-market fit, sustainable economics, and user adoption will likely survive. Others may not recover.

Bitcoin as the Benchmark

Bitcoin has become the benchmark asset for crypto, both in terms of performance and narrative. It remains the asset most closely tied to global macro conditions and institutional flows.

Its relative strength has made it a measuring stick for evaluating the rest of the market. Many altcoins are now being judged not just in fiat terms, but in BTC-relative performance. If they can’t outperform Bitcoin on a risk-adjusted basis, they may struggle to justify their place in portfolios.

Long-Term Outlook: Selective Optimism

Despite short-term underperformance, we remain open to altcoin opportunities—but with greater caution and selectivity. The current environment favors a “barbell strategy”: holding a core position in Bitcoin while selectively allocating to altcoins with verifiable traction.

This is no longer a market where every token rides the same wave. Success in 2025 likely comes from identifying the few that can break out due to clear product value, strong teams, and real-world adoption.

Conclusion

The altcoin market in 2025 reflects a maturing, more fragmented crypto ecosystem. The free liquidity and speculative exuberance of previous cycles have given way to a more competitive, filtered environment.

For investors and builders alike, this isn’t a reason to despair—but a reason to be more focused. As the market resets, those who adapt their frameworks to the new reality may find long-term success. The next wave of winners may already be building—quietly, under the surface.

Announcements

Token Metrics Launches $200K Grant Program to Back Crypto Builders

Token Metrics Team
8 min
MIN

In an era where crypto is moving faster than ever, the next generation of innovation will be driven by bold builders who fuse AI with blockchain. Whether it’s a project that analyzes sentiment across the market, scores tokens with precision, or generates real-time trading signals—Token Metrics is here to fund the future.

That’s why we’re excited to announce the Token Metrics $200K Grant Program — a bold initiative to empower crypto innovators at any stage.

💾 Why We’re Launching This Grant

Crypto innovation has always thrived on open experimentation. But we know firsthand how tough it can be to go from idea to product. You need the right tools, data, support, and—yes—capital.

We’re opening the doors to all Web3 builders, researchers, hackers, and startup teams with one goal: to supercharge the creation of AI-powered crypto tools that change the game.

If you're building anything in:

  • Crypto market intelligence
  • Sentiment analysis
  • Token scoring systems
  • AI trading bots
  • On-chain analytics
  • DeFi strategy tools


then this program is for you.

🎁 What You Get

Here’s what each selected project receives:

✅ Up to $5,000 in Grants

No strings attached. We’re offering non-dilutive microgrants to help you push your project forward—whether it's hosting costs, engineering hours, or marketing.

✅ Free Access to Token Metrics API

You’ll get direct access to our AI-powered crypto data platform, including investor and trader grades, signal alerts, technical indicators, and more. Build with institutional-grade tools.

✅ Technical Support and Mentorship

Our engineering and product team is on standby to help you with integration, use cases, and product guidance. Get real feedback from people who live and breathe crypto trading and AI.

✅ Community of Builders

You’ll join a thriving ecosystem of developers, analysts, and AI tinkerers who are all solving similar challenges. Share feedback, collaborate, and level up together.

🛠 Who Can Apply?

The grant is open to all stages of projects:

  • 💡 Idea Stage – Have an idea and a plan to build? You’re eligible.
  • đŸ§Ș Beta/Prototype – Already building and testing? Let’s accelerate you.
  • 🚀 Launched Product – Need support to scale? We’re here for it.
  • 💰 Paying Users – Time to expand? We can help you get there faster.

No matter your background, location, or company size—if you’re building something innovative at the intersection of crypto + AI, we want to hear from you.

🌐 What You Can Build with the Token Metrics API

The possibilities are vast. Some ideas we’d love to see:

  • AI-powered Token Rating Tools – Use our Trader and Investor Grades to generate insights.
  • Crypto Sentiment Dashboards – Analyze and visualize market sentiment.
  • Trading Signal Generators – Build bots or dashboards using our buy/sell indicators.
  • Risk Analysis Engines – Combine our technical metrics with your models.
  • DeFi Portfolio Managers – Use our price predictions and volatility data to manage risk.
  • Educational Crypto Apps – Leverage our AI grades to teach users how to DYOR.

Want to create something we haven’t thought of? Even better.

📆 Timeline & Application

The $200K will be distributed over multiple rounds across 2025, with applications reviewed on a rolling basis.

Apply once and you’ll be considered for current and upcoming rounds.

Deadline: First batch review begins July 15, 2025.

👉 Apply here now

đŸ€ Why Build with Token Metrics?

At Token Metrics, we believe the future of investing is intelligent, data-driven, and decentralized. That’s why we’re opening up our core infrastructure—so you can build tools that make crypto smarter for everyone.

We’ve spent years perfecting our AI models, data pipelines, and trading signals. Now, we’re putting that power in your hands.

Whether you’re a student hacking on weekends, a startup looking for product-market fit, or a solo dev with a bold vision—we want to help you win.

🚀 Let’s Build the Future

This isn’t just a grant—it’s a launchpad.

With $5K in non-dilutive funding, direct access to cutting-edge crypto data, and a community of top-tier builders, you’ll have everything you need to bring your project to life.

The next breakthrough tool might be yours. All it takes is one application.

🔗 Ready to apply? Click here → https://forms.gle/T3WGexLdGr9nF1hj9

Let’s build the future of crypto—together.‍

The Token Metrics Team

Research

Crypto Index Fund: How AI Is Revolutionizing Crypto Index Investment

Token Metrics Team
8 min
MIN

The Rise of Crypto Index Funds

As the cryptocurrency market matures, investors are increasingly seeking structured and diversified ways to participate without picking individual tokens. Just as index funds transformed traditional finance, crypto index funds are reshaping digital asset investing. These funds allow investors to gain broad exposure to the crypto market through a single investment vehicle, making them a compelling choice for both new and experienced participants.

But in a fast-moving, data-heavy environment like crypto, efficiency is everything. This is where AI-enhanced crypto index investment comes in—offering smarter rebalancing, risk management, and data-driven selection strategies that outperform traditional index methodologies.

What Are Crypto Index Funds?

A crypto index fund is a digital asset investment product that tracks the performance of a group of cryptocurrencies, typically weighted by market capitalization, theme, or other quantitative factors. Similar to traditional index funds in equities (like the S&P 500), a crypto index aggregates tokens into a single, trackable basket, allowing investors to diversify easily.

Key Features of Crypto Index Funds:

  • Diversification: Spread risk across multiple crypto assets.
  • Passive Investment: No need to actively trade or research individual tokens.
  • Low Fees: Typically lower management costs than hedge funds or active trading.
  • Rebalancing: Regular updates to maintain target weights and asset mix.
  • Transparency: Index compositions and methodologies are usually public.

Popular Crypto Index Themes:

  • Top 10 or Top 25 by Market Cap
  • DeFi Index: Includes projects like Uniswap, Aave, Compound.
  • AI Tokens Index: Focused on artificial intelligence crypto projects.
  • NFT Index: Tracks platforms like Blur, Rarible, or OpenSea tokens.
  • Meme Coin Index: A speculative basket for high-risk investors.

Why Crypto Index Investment Is Gaining Popularity

Crypto markets are volatile, fast-moving, and often driven by unpredictable narratives. Many investors, especially institutions or those new to the space, are uncomfortable managing a portfolio of dozens of altcoins. That’s where crypto index investment provides a safe entry point.

Benefits of Crypto Index Funds:

  1. Reduced Volatility: Spreading capital over multiple assets cushions against extreme swings.
  2. Time-Saving: Investors don’t have to stay glued to charts or news.
  3. Risk Management: Poor performers get phased out during rebalancing.
  4. Benchmarking: Investors can measure their returns against established crypto indices.

The Problem with Traditional Crypto Index Funds

Despite their advantages, most crypto index funds still rely on static rule sets:

  • Fixed Rebalancing Intervals: Usually monthly or quarterly, which may not align with real-time market shifts.
  • Market Cap Bias: Overexposure to large-cap tokens can dilute exposure to high-growth assets.
  • No Signal Integration: They ignore on-chain activity, social sentiment, or developer metrics.

In a market as dynamic as crypto, these limitations mean missed opportunities and reduced alpha.

Enter AI: The Future of Efficient Crypto Index Funds

AI is revolutionizing how crypto indices are built, managed, and optimized. By ingesting real-time data from hundreds of sources, AI-powered systems can outperform static, rules-based indices in terms of returns, risk mitigation, and adaptability.

How AI Enhances Crypto Index Investment:

  1. Dynamic Rebalancing Based on Signals
    • Instead of rigid monthly rebalancing, AI uses market signals (e.g., momentum, trend strength, liquidity) to adjust allocations daily or even hourly.
    • Example: Exiting meme tokens during a bearish shift, reallocating to AI tokens gaining traction.
  2. Sentiment Analysis and News Detection
    • AI scans Twitter, Reddit, Telegram, and news sites for bullish/bearish sentiment, helping identify trends before they go mainstream.
    • This is crucial for niche tokens with limited historical data.
  3. On-Chain Metrics and Smart Contract Activity
    • AI monitors transaction volumes, active wallets, staking ratios, and developer commits to detect growth or decline before prices reflect it.
  4. Risk-Adjusted Weighting Models
    • Rather than simply weighting by market cap, AI uses volatility, Sharpe ratio, and correlation models to dynamically assign weights.
    • This reduces overexposure to volatile assets and boosts overall portfolio efficiency.
  5. Backtesting and Optimization
    • AI can simulate thousands of portfolio combinations over historical data to find optimal strategies based on the user’s risk profile.

Real-World Example: AI-Driven Crypto Index Platforms

Some platforms are already pioneering AI-powered crypto indices:

  • Token Metrics AI Indices: Combine machine learning with market sentiment to allocate and rebalance crypto portfolios automatically. They feature bullish and bearish signals that guide when to enter or exit an index.
  • Bitwise & Galaxy Indices: Though more traditional, they’re beginning to explore data-driven rebalancing and smart beta strategies.
  • DeFi Pulse Index (DPI): A static sector index for DeFi, but when enhanced with AI (e.g., incorporating protocol usage data), it could evolve into a dynamic performer.

The Future: Personalized AI Crypto Index Funds

Imagine a world where your crypto portfolio isn’t just passively tracking a fixed list—but actively evolving based on your risk profile, market trends, and even your trading behavior.

AI will enable:

  • User-Customized Indices: Choose themes (e.g., AI, RWA, Gaming) and let AI build and manage the ideal mix.
  • Automated Exit Strategies: AI detects early warning signals and reallocates your funds to stablecoins.
  • Goal-Based Investing: AI manages your crypto portfolio to hit a target (e.g., 15% annualized return or reduce drawdowns under 10%).

Final Thoughts: Best Crypto Index Investing Starts with AI

Crypto index funds offer a powerful solution for investors looking to simplify their entry into the world of digital assets. But in a space defined by speed, volatility, and complexity, static methods are quickly becoming outdated.

By incorporating AI into crypto index investment, the future becomes more adaptive, predictive, and personalized. Whether you're a passive investor or an active trader looking for an edge, AI-powered crypto indices are unlocking a new frontier in digital wealth creation.

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