Crypto Basics

Top Layer 2 Blockchain in 2024 - Token Metrics Moon Awards

Explore the top Layer 2 blockchain technology with Token Metrics Moon Awards 2024. Uncover the future of scalable and efficient blockchain.
Token Metrics Team
6 Minutes
MIN

Welcome to the Token Metrics Moon Awards, a prestigious cryptocurrency industry accolade recognizing platforms, projects, and initiatives with significant impact.

Today, we are thrilled to announce the addition of a new Moon Awards category for 2024 - the Top Layer 2 Blockchain.

Selection Process

At Token Metrics, we highly value our audience as the cornerstone of our operations. Our selection process is deeply rooted in community engagement, ensuring that our awards' results authentically mirror crypto enthusiasts' sentiments and experiences.

Amplifying Community Insights

The Moon Awards by Token Metrics are designed to amplify the community's voice, providing a clear and focused evaluation of the entities driving progress in the sector.

Through interaction with our community members and user voting, we have compiled a comprehensive list of the Top Layer 2 Blockchains for 2024 based on extensive survey data and user votes.

In this article, we will explore the concept of Layer 2 blockchain, how it works, and the top Layer 2 blockchain projects of 2024.

What is Layer 2 Blockchain?

A Layer 2 blockchain refers to a collection of scaling solutions designed to improve the performance and scalability of Layer-1 blockchains such as Ethereum. 

These Layer-2 protocols operate on top of the primary blockchain, alleviating congestion, reducing transaction costs, and boosting throughput.

To understand Layer 2 blockchain, let's imagine a highway where traffic flows smoothly, transactions are processed at lightning speed, and fees are almost negligible. 

Layer 2 protocols in the crypto world can be compared to express lanes built on top of Layer-1 blockchains, supercharging their performance and scalability.

How Does Layer 2 Blockchain Work?

At the core of Layer 2 networks is the principle of off-chain transaction processing. Instead of directly processing each transaction on the main blockchain, Layer-2 protocols divert transactions off the main chain, process them separately, and then consolidate them into a summary transaction on the main blockchain. 

This approach significantly reduces network congestion, processing time, and transaction costs. Layer-2 protocols act as dedicated traffic management systems, diverting transactions away from the main blockchain and processing them on secondary networks. 

This offloading process leads to faster transactions, lower fees, and increased throughput, ultimately enhancing the scalability and efficiency of the blockchain network.

List of Top Layer 2 Blockchain Projects

Here are some of the top Layer 2 blockchain projects to watch in 2024:

top Layer 2 blockchain
Image Source - Token Metrics Moon Awards

Polygon (MATIC)

In the Moon Awards survey, Polygon secured the top position with 57.3% of the total votes.

Polygon is a multichain ecosystem offering several Layer-2 solutions to scale Ethereum. It utilizes technologies like zkRollups for high-speed, privacy-focused transactions and Proof-of-Stake consensus mechanisms for sidechains. 

With a throughput exceeding 65,000 TPS, Polygon significantly outperforms Ethereum's mainnet regarding transaction speed and cost-effectiveness. It has a thriving DeFi scene and is popular among NFT enthusiasts.

Arbitrum

In the Moon Awards survey, Arbitrum secured the 2nd position with 22.8% of the total votes.

Arbitrum, built on Optimistic Rollups, offers a peak throughput of 4,000 TPS, processing transactions up to 10x faster than Ethereum's mainnet. It reduces gas costs by up to 95% and provides a developer-friendly environment. 

With a robust ecosystem of DeFi protocols, NFT marketplaces, and gaming platforms, Arbitrum is positioned as a key contender in the Layer 2 space.

Optimism

In the Moon Awards survey, Optimism secured the 3rd position with 6.1% of the total votes.

Optimism is a Layer-2 scaling solution for Ethereum, offering high throughput and reduced gas costs. With a peak throughput of 2,000 TPS, Optimism processes transactions up to 26x faster than Ethereum's mainnet. 

It is committed to becoming a self-governing community and hosts a growing array of DeFi protocols, NFT marketplaces, and DAOs.

Manta Network

In the Moon Awards survey, Manta Network secured the 4th position with 3.3% of the total votes.

Manta Network is a privacy-focused ecosystem for Ethereum, providing anonymous transactions and confidential smart contracts. 

It comprises two modules: Manta Pacific, an EVM-compatible Layer-2 for efficient transactions, and Manta Atlantic, which handles private identity management using zkSBTs. 

Manta Network promises high scalability, developer-friendliness, and strong interoperability with Ethereum and other blockchains.

Immutable X

In the Moon Awards survey, Immutable X secured the 5th position with 2.8% of the total votes.

Immutable X is a Layer-2 network on Ethereum designed to provide speed, scalability, and adaptability for the next era of crypto gaming. It offers a robust network equipped with tools and infrastructure for developing NFT projects. 

Immutable X incorporates Ethereum's security, zero gas fees, and user-friendly APIs. It hosts an immersive marketplace for trading and collecting NFTs.

SKALE

In the Moon Awards survey, SKALE secured the 6th position with 2.4% of the total votes.

SKALE takes a distinctive approach to enhancing Ethereum scalability by utilizing a network of independent "sidechains" built atop the Ethereum blockchain. 

These sidechains, known as SKALE Chains, provide tailored environments for specific applications, accommodating diverse requirements in terms of security, privacy, and transaction fees. SKALE offers flexibility and innovation within the Ethereum ecosystem.

Metis

In the Moon Awards survey, Metis secured the 7th position with 1.5% of the total votes.

Metis is a Layer-2 network aiming to provide scalable and accessible infrastructure for decentralized applications (dApps). 

It offers a user-friendly environment for developers to create, deploy, and manage dApps efficiently. Metis focuses on empowering individuals and businesses to build decentralized economies and communities.

Base

In the Moon Awards survey, Base secured the 8th position with 1.3% of the total votes.

Base is a Layer-2 protocol developed by Coinbase to enhance Ethereum's potential by increasing transaction speed and reducing fees. It targets a throughput of 2,000 TPS and aims to cut Ethereum's gas costs by up to 95%. 

Base leverages Ethereum's security while processing transactions off-chain, ensuring asset safety. It offers a developer-friendly environment and benefits from Coinbase's security expertise and large user base.

These Layer 2 blockchain projects represent the cutting edge of blockchain scalability and efficiency. They offer solutions to the scalability challenges faced by Layer-1 blockchains, enabling faster transactions, lower fees, and improved user experiences.

Conclusion

Layer-2 blockchain solutions are revolutionizing the scalability and efficiency of blockchain networks. These innovative protocols, such as Polygon, Arbitrum, Optimism, Manta, and others, are addressing the limitations of Layer-1 blockchains and unlocking the full potential of blockchain technology. 

As the adoption of cryptocurrencies and decentralized applications continues to grow, Layer-2 solutions will play a crucial role in driving mainstream blockchain adoption and powering diverse industries beyond finance.

Investors and developers should closely monitor the progress of these Layer 2 blockchain projects and conduct thorough research before making any investment or development decisions. The future of blockchain technology is bright, and Layer-2 solutions are at the forefront of this exciting evolution.

Disclaimer

The information provided on this website does not constitute investment advice, financial advice, trading advice, or any other advice, and you should not treat any of the website's content as such.

Token Metrics does not recommend buying, selling, or holding any cryptocurrency. Conduct your due diligence and consult your financial advisor before making investment decisions.

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Token Metrics Team
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Recent Posts

Research

Mastering the ChatGPT API: Practical Developer Guide

Token Metrics Team
5
MIN

ChatGPT API has become a foundational tool for building conversational agents, content generation pipelines, and AI-powered features across web and mobile apps. This guide walks through how the API works, common integration patterns, cost and performance considerations, prompt engineering strategies, and security and compliance checkpoints — all framed to help developers design reliable, production-ready systems.

Overview: What the ChatGPT API Provides

The ChatGPT API exposes a conversational, instruction-following model through RESTful endpoints. It accepts structured inputs (messages, system instructions, temperature, max tokens) and returns generated messages and usage metrics. Key capabilities include multi-turn context handling, role-based prompts (system, user, assistant), and streaming responses for lower perceived latency.

When evaluating the API for a project, consider three high-level dimensions: functional fit (can it produce the outputs you need?), operational constraints (latency, throughput, rate limits), and cost model (token usage and pricing). Structuring experiments around these dimensions produces clearer decisions than ad-hoc prototyping.

How the ChatGPT API Works: Architecture & Tokens

At a technical level, the API exchanges conversational messages composed of roles and content. The model's input size is measured in tokens, not characters; both prompts and generated outputs consume tokens. Developers must account for:

  • Input tokens: system+user messages sent with the request.
  • Output tokens: model-generated content returned in the response.
  • Context window: maximum tokens the model accepts per request, limiting historical context you can preserve.

Token-awareness is essential for cost control and designing concise prompts. Tools exist to estimate token counts for given strings; include these estimates in batching and truncation logic to prevent failed requests due to exceeding the context window.

Integration Patterns and Use Cases

Common patterns for integrating the ChatGPT API map to different functional requirements:

  1. Frontend chat widget: Short, low-latency requests per user interaction with streaming enabled for better UX.
  2. Server-side orchestration: Useful for multi-step workflows, retrieving and combining external data before calling the model.
  3. Batch generation pipelines: For large-scale content generation, precompute outputs asynchronously and store results for retrieval.
  4. Hybrid retrieval-augmented generation (RAG): Combine a knowledge store or vector DB with retrieval calls to ground responses in up-to-date data.

Select a pattern based on latency tolerance, concurrency requirements, and the need to control outputs with additional logic or verifiable sources.

Cost, Rate Limits, and Performance Considerations

Pricing for ChatGPT-style APIs typically ties to token usage and model selection. For production systems, optimize costs and performance by:

  • Choosing the right model: Use smaller models for routine tasks where quality/latency tradeoffs are acceptable.
  • Prompt engineering: Make prompts concise and directive to reduce input tokens and avoid unnecessary generation.
  • Caching and deduplication: Cache common queries and reuse cached outputs when applicable to avoid repeated cost.
  • Throttling: Implement exponential backoff and request queuing to respect rate limits and avoid cascading failures.

Measure end-to-end latency including network, model inference, and application processing. Use streaming when user-perceived latency matters; otherwise, batch requests for throughput efficiency.

Best Practices: Prompt Design, Testing, and Monitoring

Robust ChatGPT API usage blends engineering discipline with iterative evaluation:

  • Prompt templates: Maintain reusable templates with placeholders to enforce consistent style and constraints.
  • Automated tests: Create unit and integration tests that validate output shape, safety checks, and critical content invariants.
  • Safety filters and moderation: Run model outputs through moderation or rule-based filters to detect unwanted content.
  • Instrumentation: Log request/response sizes, latencies, token usage, and error rates. Aggregate metrics to detect regressions.
  • Fallback strategies: Implement graceful degradation (e.g., canned responses or reduced functionality) when API latency spikes or quota limits are reached.

Adopt iterative prompt tuning: A/B different system instructions, sampling temperatures, and max tokens while measuring relevance, correctness, and safety against representative datasets.

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FAQ: What is the ChatGPT API and when should I use it?

The ChatGPT API is a conversational model endpoint for generating text based on messages and instructions. Use it when you need flexible, context-aware text generation such as chatbots, summarization, or creative writing assistants.

FAQ: How do tokens impact cost and context?

Tokens measure both input and output size. Longer prompts and longer responses increase token counts, which raises cost and can hit the model's context window limit. Optimize prompts and truncate history when necessary.

FAQ: What are common strategies for handling rate limits?

Implement client-side throttling, request queuing, exponential backoff on 429 responses, and prioritize critical requests. Monitor usage patterns and adjust concurrency to avoid hitting provider limits.

FAQ: How do I design effective prompts?

Start with a clear system instruction to set tone and constraints, use examples for format guidance, keep user prompts concise, and test iteratively. Templates and guardrails reduce variability in outputs.

FAQ: What security and privacy practices should I follow?

Secure API keys (do not embed in client code), encrypt data in transit and at rest, anonymize sensitive user data when possible, and review provider data usage policies. Apply access controls and rotate keys periodically.

FAQ: When should I use streaming responses?

Use streaming to improve perceived responsiveness for chat-like experiences or long outputs. Streaming reduces time-to-first-token and allows progressive rendering in UIs.

Disclaimer

This article is for informational and technical guidance only. It does not constitute legal, compliance, or investment advice. Evaluate provider terms and conduct your own testing before deploying models in production.

Research

Mastering the OpenAI API: Practical Guide

Token Metrics Team
5
MIN

The OpenAI API has become a foundation for building modern AI applications, from chat assistants to semantic search and generative agents. This post breaks down how the API works, core endpoints, implementation patterns, operational considerations, and practical tips to get reliable results while managing cost and risk.

How the OpenAI API Works

The OpenAI API exposes pre-trained and fine-tunable models through RESTful endpoints. At a high level, you send text or binary payloads and receive structured responses — completions, chat messages, embeddings, or file-based fine-tune artifacts. Communication is typically via HTTPS with JSON payloads. Authentication uses API keys scoped to your account, and responses include usage metadata to help with monitoring.

Understanding the data flow is useful: client app → API request (model, prompt, params) → model inference → API response (text, tokens, embeddings). Latency depends on model size, input length, and concurrency. Many production systems put the API behind a middleware layer to handle retries, caching, and prompt templating.

Key Features & Endpoints

The API surface typically includes several core capabilities you should know when planning architecture:

  • Chat/Completion: Generate conversational or free-form text. Use system, user, and assistant roles for structured prompts.
  • Embeddings: Convert text to dense vectors for semantic search, clustering, and retrieval-augmented generation.
  • Fine-tuning: Customize models on domain data to improve alignment with specific tasks.
  • Files & Transcriptions: Upload assets for fine-tune datasets or to transcribe audio to text.
  • Moderation & Safety Tools: Automated checks can help flag content that violates policy constraints before generation is surfaced.

Choosing the right endpoint depends on the use case: embeddings for search/indexing, chat for conversational interfaces, and fine-tuning for repetitive, domain-specific prompts where consistency matters.

Practical Implementation Tips

Design patterns and practical tweaks reduce friction in real-world systems. Here are tested approaches:

  1. Prompt engineering and templates: Extract frequently used structures into templates and parameterize variables. Keep system messages concise and deterministic.
  2. Chunking & retrieval: For long-context tasks, use embeddings + vector search to retrieve relevant snippets and feed only the most salient content into the model.
  3. Batching & caching: Batch similar requests where possible to reduce API calls. Cache embeddings and immutable outputs to lower cost and latency.
  4. Retry logic and idempotency: Implement exponential backoff for transient errors and idempotent request IDs for safe retries.
  5. Testing and evaluation: Use automated tests to validate response quality across edge cases and measure drift over time.

For development workflows, maintain separate API keys and quotas for staging and production, and log both prompts and model responses (with privacy controls) to enable debugging and iterative improvement.

Security, Cost Control, and Rate Limits

Operational concerns are often the difference between a prototype and a resilient product. Key considerations include:

  • Authentication: Store keys securely, rotate them regularly, and avoid embedding them in client-side code.
  • Rate limits & concurrency: Respect published rate limits. Use client-side queues and server-side throttling to smooth bursts and avoid 429 errors.
  • Cost monitoring: Track token usage by endpoint and user to identify high-cost flows. Use sampling and quotas to prevent runaway spend.
  • Data handling & privacy: Define retention and redaction rules for prompts and responses. Understand whether user data is used for model improvement and configure opt-out where necessary.

Instrumenting observability — latency, error rates, token counts per request — lets you correlate model choices with operational cost and end-user experience.

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What are common failure modes and how to mitigate them?

Common issues include prompt ambiguity, hallucinations, token truncation, and rate-limit throttling. Mitigation strategies:

  • Ambiguity: Add explicit constraints and examples in prompts.
  • Hallucination: Use retrieval-augmented generation and cite sources where possible.
  • Truncation: Monitor token counts and implement summarization or chunking for long inputs.
  • Throttling: Apply client-side backoff and request shaping to prevent bursts.

Run adversarial tests to discover brittle prompts and incorporate guardrails in your application logic.

Scaling and Architecture Patterns

For scale, separate concerns into layers: ingestion, retrieval/indexing, inference orchestration, and post-processing. Use a vector database for embeddings, a message queue for burst handling, and server-side orchestration for prompt composition and retries. Edge caching for static outputs reduces repeated calls for common queries.

Consider hybrid strategies where smaller models run locally for simple tasks and the API is used selectively for high-value or complex inferences to balance cost and latency.

FAQ: How to get started and troubleshoot

What authentication method does the OpenAI API use?

Most implementations use API keys sent in an Authorization header. Keys must be protected server-side. Rotate keys periodically and restrict scopes where supported.

Which models are best for embeddings versus chat?

Embedding-optimized models produce dense vectors for semantic tasks. Chat or completion models prioritize dialogue coherence and instruction-following. Select based on task: search and retrieval use embeddings; conversational agents use chat endpoints.

How can I reduce latency for user-facing apps?

Use caching, smaller models for simple tasks, pre-compute embeddings for common queries, and implement warm-up strategies. Also evaluate regional endpoints and keep payload sizes minimal to reduce round-trip time.

What are best practices for fine-tuning?

Curate high-quality, representative datasets. Keep prompts consistent between fine-tuning and inference. Monitor for overfitting and validate on held-out examples to ensure generalization.

How do I monitor and manage costs effectively?

Track token usage by endpoint and user journey, set per-key quotas, and sample outputs rather than logging everything. Use batching and caching to reduce repeated calls, and enforce strict guards on long or recursive prompts.

Can I use the API for production-critical systems?

Yes, with careful design. Add retries, fallbacks, safety checks, and human-in-the-loop reviews for high-stakes outcomes. Maintain SLAs that reflect model performance variability and instrument monitoring for regressions.

Disclaimer

This article is for educational purposes only. It explains technical concepts, implementation patterns, and operational considerations related to the OpenAI API. It does not provide investment, legal, or regulatory advice. Always review provider documentation and applicable policies before deploying systems.

Research

Inside DeepSeek API: Advanced Search for Crypto Intelligence

Token Metrics Team
5
MIN

DeepSeek API has emerged as a specialized toolkit for developers and researchers who need granular, semantically rich access to crypto-related documents, on-chain data, and developer content. This article breaks down how the DeepSeek API works, common integration patterns, practical research workflows, and how AI-driven platforms can complement its capabilities without making investment recommendations.

What the DeepSeek API Does

The DeepSeek API is designed to index and retrieve contextual information across heterogeneous sources: whitepapers, GitHub repos, forum threads, on-chain events, and more. Unlike keyword-only search, DeepSeek focuses on semantic matching—returning results that align with the intent of a query rather than only literal token matches.

Key capabilities typically include:

  • Semantic embeddings for natural language search.
  • Document chunking and contextual retrieval for long-form content.
  • Metadata filtering (chain, contract address, author, date).
  • Streamed or batched query interfaces for different throughput needs.

Typical Architecture & Integration Patterns

Integrating the DeepSeek API into a product follows common design patterns depending on latency and scale requirements:

  1. Server-side retrieval layer: Your backend calls DeepSeek to fetch semantically ranked documents, then performs post-processing and enrichment before returning results to clients.
  2. Edge-caching and rate management: Cache popular queries and embeddings to reduce costs and improve responsiveness. Use exponential backoff and quota awareness for production stability.
  3. AI agent workflows: Use the API to retrieve context windows for LLM prompts—DeepSeek's chunked documents can help keep prompts relevant without exceeding token budgets.

When building integrations, consider privacy, data retention, and whether you need to host a private index versus relying on a hosted DeepSeek endpoint.

Research Workflows & Practical Tips

Researchers using the DeepSeek API can follow a repeatable workflow to ensure comprehensive coverage and defensible results:

  • Define intent and query templates: Create structured queries that capture entity names, contract addresses, or conceptual prompts (e.g., “protocol upgrade risks” + contract).
  • Layer filters: Use metadata to constrain results to a chain, date range, or document type to reduce noise.
  • Iterative narrowing: Start with wide semantic searches, then narrow with follow-up queries using top results as new seeds.
  • Evaluate relevance: Score results using both DeepSeek’s ranking and custom heuristics (recency, authoritativeness, on-chain evidence).
  • Document provenance: Capture source URLs, timestamps, and checksums for reproducibility.

For reproducible experiments, version your query templates and save query-result sets alongside analysis notes.

Limitations, Costs, and Risk Factors

Understanding the constraints of a semantic retrieval API is essential for reliable outputs:

  • Semantic drift: Embeddings and ranking models can favor topical similarity that may miss critical technical differences. Validate with deterministic checks (contract bytecode, event logs).
  • Data freshness: Indexing cadence affects the visibility of the newest commits or on-chain events. Verify whether the API supports near-real-time indexing if that matters for your use case.
  • Cost profile: High-volume or high-recall retrieval workloads can be expensive. Design sampling and caching strategies to control costs.
  • Bias and coverage gaps: Not all sources are equally represented. Cross-check against primary sources where possible.

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FAQ: What developers ask most about DeepSeek API

What data sources does DeepSeek index?

DeepSeek typically indexes a mix of developer-centric and community data: GitHub, whitepapers, documentation sites, forums, and on-chain events. Exact coverage depends on the provider's ingestion pipeline and configuration options you choose when provisioning indexes.

How do embeddings improve search relevance?

Embeddings map text into vector space where semantic similarity becomes measurable as geometric closeness. This allows queries to match documents by meaning rather than shared keywords, improving recall for paraphrased or conceptually related content.

Can DeepSeek return structured on-chain data?

While DeepSeek is optimized for textual retrieval, many deployments support linking to structured on-chain records. A common pattern is to return document results with associated on-chain references (contract addresses, event IDs) so downstream systems can fetch transaction-level details from block explorers or node APIs.

How should I evaluate result quality?

Use a combination of automated metrics (precision@k, recall sampling) and human review. For technical subjects, validate excerpts against source code, transaction logs, and authoritative docs to avoid false positives driven by surface-level similarity.

What are best practices for using DeepSeek with LLMs?

Keep retrieved context concise and relevant: prioritize high-salience chunks, include provenance for factual checks, and use retrieval augmentation to ground model outputs. Also, monitor token usage and prefer compressed summaries for long sources.

How does it compare to other crypto APIs?

DeepSeek is focused on semantic retrieval and contextual search, while other crypto APIs may prioritize raw market data, on-chain metrics, or analytics dashboards. Combining DeepSeek-style search with specialized APIs (for price, on-chain metrics, or signals) yields richer tooling for research workflows.

Where can I learn more or get a demo?

Explore provider docs and example use cases. For integrated AI research and ratings, see Token Metrics which demonstrates how semantic retrieval can be paired with model-driven analysis for structured insights.

Disclaimer

This article is for informational and technical education only. It does not constitute investment advice, endorsements, or recommendations. Evaluate tools and data sources critically and consider legal and compliance requirements before deployment.

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