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What are NFTs? NFT Art Explained | Future of NFTs

Learn more about NFTs and their future.
Token Metrics Team
6 minutes
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You may have heard of CryptoPunks, Bored Ape Yacht Club, and VeeFriends, but you may not understand what they are. These names may sound like random combinations of words, but they actually represent some of the most valuable non-fungible token (NFT) projects that have emerged in the past few years.

The world of crypto art and NFTs may appear complex and mysterious, with a mix of celebrities, influencers, and internet experts. But it's not as confusing as it seems. Let's start from the beginning.

What Is An NFT?

Nearly all crypto art that has been introduced to the market has been done so through the minting of non-fungible tokens (NFTs). NFTs are digital assets that have verified proof of ownership. While "fungible tokens" like the US dollar can be easily traded (like exchanging 4 quarters for a dollar), each NFT is unique and cannot be easily traded. For example, imagine a sketch of "Starry Night" by Vincent Van Gogh that has been authenticated by a fine art appraiser as an original. This sketch would be non-fungible because you could not easily exchange it for, say, an original sketch by Leonardo da Vinci. This concept is easy to understand with tangible items like art pieces or collectible cards, but when digital assets can range from a celebrity tweet to an iconic meme to a picture of a pimped out animated ape, it may be confusing.

How Can We Ensure Unique Authenticity?

This is where NFTs enter the scene. Say you are a graphic design artist who just finished your newest 1-of-1 piece of work and you want to sell it as an NFT. Whoever purchases this piece would not only receive the artwork but they would also receive a “digital receipt” that proves that this exact piece is original, unique and authentic.

“But What If I Just Screenshot This Digital Artwork? Wouldn’t I Technically Own the Piece as Well?”

This is the first question that many have mockingly asked on social media and internet forums. The easy answer: yes, you can screenshot practically all digital artwork, but no, that does not mean you own it.

For example, millions of people swarm into the Louvre every year, waiting patiently amidst a giddy crowd, just to capture a picture of the priceless Mona Lisa. Obviously, a picture of the Mona Lisa saved on your iPhone camera roll does not mean that you own that painting.

NFTs work the same way.

Just as the Louvre paid millions of dollars to own, maintain, and display the Mona Lisa in their museum, NFT buyers do the same. However, the main difference is that instead of paying dollars to house the art in a fancy museum, they are paying with cryptocurrency and housing their art in a virtual showcase, so to speak.

This is the basis for how NFTs, cryptocurrency, and blockchain technology are establishing a new and lucrative market for digital art and artists.

The Art of Being Digital

In a 2021 interview, Gary Vaynerchuk (founder of Vayner Media and creator of VeeFriends) made the following statement regarding NFTs. The interviewer remarks on the tangibility of NFTs stating, "the digital aspect, like, you can't see it" — Gary jumps in:

"Well, you can't see a blue check on Instagram? I don't walk around the world with a blue check tattooed on my forehead, but everybody sees it. You can't see my 9 million followers on Instagram, or can you? I would argue the reverse. I would argue that people can't see most of the fancy things you have in your house; that people can see more digital than real life."

And he's onto something, and I'd like to call that something "The Art of Being Digital". In our highly digitized world, our online outreach and interconnectivity is wildly amplified. Gary Vee currently has 9.9 million followers on Instagram — but without access to the internet — he has no way of interacting with that community and tapping into the true power of those 9.9 million people.

Why Do NFTs Have Value?

The value of an NFT is determined by the collective intentionality of those who are willing to buy and sell them. In other words, the value of an NFT is based on what people are willing to pay for it. This is similar to the way that the value of traditional art is determined by the market, with the value being based on factors such as the artist's fame and the rarity of the work.

The Tom Brady example illustrates this idea. On the surface, it might seem strange that someone would pay $430k for a digital picture of a cartoon ape. However, if we consider the fact that the buyer was Tom Brady and the seller was the well-known digital artist Trevor Jones, it becomes clearer that the value of the NFT was determined by the collective intentionality of those involved in the transaction.

Furthermore, the digital art of NFTs offers more than just a digital file and a high price tag. NFTs provide the ability for digital artists to monetize their work and for collectors to own and trade unique digital items. This opens up new opportunities for artists and collectors alike, and has led to the growth of a vibrant and exciting market for NFTs.

Join The Club

Celebrities such as Tom Brady, Post Malone, Steph Curry, and Jimmy Fallon have been buying Bored Ape NFTs. Bored Ape NFTs were introduced by the Bored Ape Yacht Club (BAYC) in April 2021 at a price of 0.08 Ethereum (ETH) each, or about $190 at the time. Since then, the price of Bored Apes has increased significantly, yielding substantial returns for early investors.

In addition to the potential for financial gain, buying a Bored Ape NFT also grants the buyer access to the BAYC community. This includes access to the BAYC Discord, where buyers can connect with other members of the club, including celebrities, and collaborate on NFT-related projects. BAYC also gives members priority access to future NFT drops, allowing them to expand their collections.

Minting and selling NFTs can also be highly lucrative for those who create their own NFT projects. This is another reason why celebrities and others may be interested in the NFT market. Creating and selling NFTs allows artists and other creators to monetize their digital work and gives collectors the opportunity to own unique digital items. The growth of the NFT market has created new opportunities for both artists and collectors, leading to a vibrant and exciting market for NFTs.

Blockchain, Smart Contracts, and Secondary Sales

Blockchain technology is used to record the conversion of traditional currency into cryptocurrency, such as Ethereum (ETH), in the NFT market. This transaction is recorded on the blockchain as public information that is easily accessible to anyone who wants to view it. This ensures transparency and helps to prevent fraud in the NFT market.

Smart contracts are programs stored on the blockchain that allow NFT creators to stipulate the conditions of resale. For example, a creator could draft a smart contract that allows them to earn a 10% commission on any subsequent resales of their NFT. This allows creators to continue to benefit from the success of their work, even after the initial sale.

Smart contracts also facilitate secondary sales in the NFT market. When the value of an NFT increases, the smart contract associated with that NFT can automatically distribute any profits from the sale to the relevant parties, such as the creator or the NFT platform. For example, if the value of Tom Brady's Bored Ape NFT increased from $430k to $530k, the smart contract could automatically distribute the $100k profit to the Bored Ape Yacht Club, if that was stipulated in the contract.

This use of smart contracts helps to ensure that all parties are fairly compensated for their contributions to the NFT market, and it allows for efficient and transparent transactions without the need for intermediaries.

The Future Of Crypto-Art

Grammy-winning artist Tyler, the Creator recently questioned the value of NFTs, stating that most of the examples he has seen are not "beautiful art." While art is subjective and many NFTs are AI-generated, there are still many ways in which NFTs can offer value in the real world.

First, NFTs can be used to represent tangible experiences and achievements. Instead of framing a concert ticket or a season pass, these items could be represented as NFTs, allowing individuals to proudly display their experiences and achievements in the digital world. This could be especially beneficial for VIP experiences and exclusive memberships.

Second, NFTs can provide a level of authenticity and scarcity that cannot be achieved with physical items. This is especially useful for limited edition items and collectibles, which can be authenticated and traded easily on the blockchain.

Third, the use of smart contracts can ensure that all parties are fairly compensated for their contributions to the NFT market. This allows for transparent and efficient transactions without the need for intermediaries.

Overall, while some may dismiss NFTs as "silly little digital artworks," they have the potential to reshape not just the art world, but the world itself.

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Breaking into blockchain and cryptocurrency can feel overwhelming. The technology involves complex concepts like cryptography, distributed networks, consensus mechanisms, and smart contracts that challenge even technically-minded newcomers. Whether you're trying to understand how blockchain works, exploring cryptocurrency investment, or considering a career in Web3 development, having reliable places to ask questions and receive clear answers is essential for your learning journey. This comprehensive guide explores the best platforms, communities, and resources where beginners can ask blockchain questions in 2025—and highlights how Token Metrics provides not just answers but actionable intelligence for navigating the crypto ecosystem successfully.

Why Asking Questions Matters for Blockchain Learning

Blockchain technology, despite increasing mainstream adoption, remains multifaceted and technical. Unlike traditional finance or established technology fields with decades of educational infrastructure, blockchain evolves rapidly with new protocols, consensus mechanisms, and applications emerging constantly. This creates unique challenges for learners who need current, accurate information rather than outdated explanations.

Asking questions serves multiple critical purposes in your blockchain education. It clarifies misunderstandings before they become ingrained misconceptions, connects you with experienced professionals who can provide mentorship and guidance, keeps you updated with evolving trends and technologies rather than relying solely on static resources, and builds your network within the blockchain community—connections that often lead to career opportunities and collaborative projects.

The blockchain community generally embraces helping newcomers, understanding that wider adoption requires accessible education. Most platforms and communities actively encourage beginner questions, recognizing that today's questioner becomes tomorrow's contributor.

Online Forums and Communities

Reddit: Diverse Blockchain Communities

Reddit hosts numerous blockchain-focused communities where beginners find welcoming environments for questions. r/cryptocurrency serves as the largest general crypto community with over 7 million members discussing everything from basic concepts to market analysis. r/Bitcoin and r/Ethereum provide protocol-specific discussions where users can ask questions about these major blockchains.

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Professional Networks and Career Platforms

LinkedIn: Professional Blockchain Community

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Stack Exchange: Technical Q&A Excellence

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Best Practices for Asking Blockchain Questions

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Be Specific and Provide Context: Instead of asking "How does blockchain work?" specify "Can you explain how transactions are validated in Proof-of-Stake blockchains?" Specific questions receive more useful answers.

Research Beforehand: Search existing threads, read documentation, and check platform resources before posting. This demonstrates respect for community members' time and often reveals answers faster than waiting for responses.

Use Proper Terminology: Even basic usage of correct terms helps responders understand your question. Saying "private key" instead of "password" or "smart contract" instead of "automatic program" signals you've done preliminary research.

Be Patient and Polite: Community members volunteer their time and expertise. Respectful interactions encourage assistance, while demanding or entitled attitudes alienate potential helpers.

Follow Up and Share Learning: When you receive helpful answers, engage with follow-up questions if needed and thank responders. As you learn, consider answering others' questions to contribute back to the community.

Conclusion

Learning blockchain technology requires curiosity, persistence, and access to reliable resources where beginners can ask questions without intimidation. From established forums like Reddit and BitcoinTalk to educational platforms like Coursera and GitHub discussions, numerous communities welcome newcomers seeking to understand this transformative technology.

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Essential General Crypto Subreddits

r/CryptoCurrency remains the undisputed heavyweight champion of crypto subreddits, boasting over 7 million members. This massive community covers everything from Bitcoin and Ethereum to emerging altcoins and DeFi projects. The subreddit features daily discussion threads, breaking news, technical analysis, and educational content suitable for both beginners and experienced traders. The community has its own governance token (Moons), which adds an interesting layer of engagement. While the sheer volume of posts can be overwhelming, the subreddit's moderation team does an excellent job filtering spam and maintaining quality standards.

r/Bitcoin serves as the original cryptocurrency subreddit and maintains a laser focus on Bitcoin-specific discussions. With millions of subscribers, it's the go-to destination for Bitcoin maximalists and anyone interested in deep dives into Bitcoin's technology, adoption, and price movements. The community tends to be more technical and philosophical, often engaging in discussions about Bitcoin's role as digital gold and its potential to transform the global financial system.

r/Ethereum caters specifically to the Ethereum ecosystem, covering smart contracts, DeFi applications, NFTs, and the ongoing development of Ethereum 2.0 and beyond. This subreddit is particularly valuable for anyone interested in understanding the technical innovations happening in the blockchain space. The community includes developers, investors, and enthusiasts who regularly share insights about upcoming upgrades, scaling solutions, and emerging applications built on Ethereum.

Trading and Investment-Focused Communities

For traders seeking actionable insights, r/CryptoMarkets provides focused discussion on trading strategies, market analysis, and price movements. The subreddit maintains a more serious tone than general crypto communities, with members sharing technical analysis, chart patterns, and trading ideas. This makes it an excellent complement to platforms like Token Metrics, which provides AI-driven trading signals, market predictions, and comprehensive analytics to help traders make data-informed decisions.

r/SatoshiStreetBets emerged as the crypto equivalent of WallStreetBets, featuring high-risk, high-reward trading discussions with a healthy dose of humor and memes. While the community can be extremely volatile and speculative, it often identifies emerging trends early. However, always approach recommendations here with extreme caution and never invest more than you can afford to lose.

DeFi and Innovation Hubs

r/DeFi has become the central hub for decentralized finance discussions, covering lending protocols, yield farming, liquidity pools, and emerging DeFi innovations. As DeFi continues to revolutionize traditional finance, this subreddit offers invaluable insights into new protocols, risk management strategies, and opportunities in the decentralized economy.

r/Altcoin focuses on alternative cryptocurrencies beyond Bitcoin and Ethereum. This community is excellent for discovering emerging projects, but it requires careful discernment as the quality of projects discussed varies significantly. Always conduct thorough research—using tools like Token Metrics' comprehensive project analysis and ratings—before investing in any altcoin mentioned on Reddit.

Educational and Technical Communities

r/CryptoTechnology strips away the price speculation and focuses purely on the technological aspects of blockchain and cryptocurrency. This subreddit is perfect for those who want to understand the underlying innovations, consensus mechanisms, and technical challenges facing the industry. The discussions here tend to be more academic and thoughtful, providing a refreshing contrast to price-focused communities.

r/BitcoinBeginners and r/CryptoCurrencyBeginners serve as welcoming entry points for newcomers. These communities maintain strict "no stupid questions" policies, encouraging beginners to ask anything without fear of ridicule. The helpful members regularly explain fundamental concepts, wallet security, and basic trading principles.

Maximizing Your Reddit Crypto Experience

To get the most value from crypto subreddits, develop a strategic approach. Start by joining multiple communities to gain diverse perspectives—avoid echo chambers that only reinforce your existing beliefs. Sort by "Hot" for trending discussions and "New" for breaking developments, but remember that "Top" posts from the past week or month can provide excellent educational value.

Always verify information from multiple sources. While Reddit communities can be incredibly insightful, they're not infallible. Cross-reference major claims with reputable news sources and, for trading decisions, consider using professional analytics platforms like Token Metrics, which combines machine learning algorithms with fundamental and technical analysis to provide objective, data-driven insights that complement community sentiment.

Be cautious about financial advice and never share your private keys or sensitive information, regardless of how helpful someone appears. Scammers frequently target crypto communities, so maintain healthy skepticism.

Integrating Reddit Insights with Professional Tools

The most successful crypto traders and investors don't rely solely on Reddit or any single information source. They integrate community insights with professional-grade analytics. Token Metrics stands out as a premier platform that helps bridge this gap, offering AI-powered trading signals, comprehensive project ratings, portfolio management tools, and market predictions that help you separate signal from noise.

By combining Reddit's real-time community intelligence with Token Metrics' sophisticated analytics, you can make more informed decisions, identify opportunities earlier, and manage risk more effectively. The platform's AI algorithms analyze thousands of data points across multiple cryptocurrencies, providing insights that would be impossible to gather manually from Reddit alone.

Conclusion

The best crypto subreddits offer invaluable real-time insights, diverse perspectives, and community knowledge that can significantly enhance your understanding of the cryptocurrency market. From the massive r/CryptoCurrency community to specialized forums like r/DeFi and r/CryptoTechnology, Reddit provides a wealth of information for every type of crypto enthusiast.

However, remember that Reddit should be one tool in your larger information ecosystem. Combine community insights with professional analytics platforms like Token Metrics, conduct thorough research, and always maintain a critical mindset. The crypto market rewards those who stay informed, think independently, and make data-driven decisions. Start exploring these subreddits today, and you'll quickly discover why Reddit has become indispensable for millions of crypto investors worldwide.

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Research

How Do You Test Smart Contracts? A Comprehensive Guide for 2025

Talha Ahmad
5 min

Smart contracts have revolutionized blockchain technology, automating transactions and agreements without intermediaries. However, a single bug in a smart contract can lead to catastrophic financial losses, as demonstrated by numerous high-profile hacks in the crypto space. Testing smart contracts isn't just good practice—it's absolutely essential for protecting users and maintaining trust in decentralized systems.

Understanding Smart Contract Testing

Smart contracts are self-executing programs deployed on blockchains like Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, and Solana. Unlike traditional software, once deployed, they're immutable—you can't patch bugs with a simple update. This permanence makes comprehensive testing critical before deployment.

Testing smart contracts involves verifying that the code performs exactly as intended under all possible conditions, including edge cases and potential attack vectors. The stakes are incredibly high: vulnerabilities have resulted in losses exceeding billions of dollars across the cryptocurrency ecosystem.

Types of Smart Contract Testing

Unit Testing

Unit testing forms the foundation of smart contract security. Developers write tests for individual functions and components, verifying that each piece works correctly in isolation. Frameworks like Hardhat, Truffle, and Foundry provide robust environments for writing and executing unit tests.

These tests should cover normal operations, boundary conditions, and expected failures. For instance, if your contract has a withdrawal function, unit tests should verify successful withdrawals, rejection of unauthorized attempts, and proper handling of insufficient balances.

Integration Testing

While unit tests examine individual components, integration testing verifies how different parts of your smart contract work together. This includes testing interactions between multiple contracts, ensuring that complex workflows execute correctly from start to finish.

Integration tests reveal issues that might not appear in isolated unit tests, such as unexpected state changes, gas limit problems, or incorrect event emissions when multiple functions execute in sequence.

Functional Testing

Functional testing validates that your smart contract meets its specified requirements and business logic. This involves testing complete user scenarios and workflows to ensure the contract behaves as stakeholders expect.

For example, if you're building a decentralized exchange, functional testing would verify the entire trading process: connecting wallets, approving tokens, executing swaps, and updating balances correctly.

Advanced Testing Methodologies

Fuzz Testing

Fuzz testing automatically generates random or semi-random inputs to discover unexpected behaviors and edge cases that manual testing might miss. Tools like Echidna and Foundry's fuzzing capabilities can test thousands of scenarios quickly, uncovering vulnerabilities that human testers might overlook.

This approach is particularly valuable for finding integer overflow issues, reentrancy vulnerabilities, and other subtle bugs that emerge only under specific conditions.

Static Analysis

Static analysis tools examine smart contract code without executing it, identifying potential vulnerabilities, code smells, and deviations from best practices. Popular tools include Slither, Mythril, and Securify, each offering different strengths in vulnerability detection.

These tools can catch common issues like unchecked external calls, improper access controls, and dangerous delegatecall usage before the code ever runs on a blockchain.

Formal Verification

Formal verification represents the gold standard in smart contract security. This mathematical approach proves that a contract's code correctly implements its specifications under all possible conditions. While resource-intensive, formal verification provides the highest level of assurance.

Projects handling significant value increasingly employ formal verification for critical components, especially in DeFi protocols where mathematical precision is paramount.

Testing Best Practices

Test Coverage

Aim for comprehensive test coverage, ideally exceeding 90% of your codebase. However, coverage percentage alone doesn't guarantee security—focus on testing critical paths, edge cases, and potential attack vectors thoroughly.

Automated Testing Pipelines

Implement continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines that automatically run your test suite whenever code changes. This catches regressions early and ensures that new features don't introduce vulnerabilities.

Testnet Deployment

Before mainnet deployment, thoroughly test your contracts on testnets like Goerli, Sepolia, or Mumbai. Testnet deployment provides real-world conditions without risking actual funds, allowing you to identify issues with gas optimization, network interactions, and user experience.

Security Audits

Professional security audits from reputable firms provide an independent assessment of your smart contract's security. Auditors bring specialized expertise and fresh perspectives that internal teams might lack. Consider multiple audits for high-value contracts.

Leveraging Analytics for Smart Contract Success

As the cryptocurrency landscape evolves, having access to sophisticated analytics becomes crucial for developers and traders alike. Token Metrics stands out as the premier crypto trading and analytics platform, offering comprehensive tools that help users make informed decisions about smart contract projects and cryptocurrency investments.

Token Metrics provides advanced AI-powered analytics, price predictions, and project evaluations that enable traders and developers to assess the market landscape effectively. Their platform combines fundamental analysis, technical indicators, and machine learning models to deliver actionable insights across thousands of cryptocurrencies and blockchain projects.

For smart contract developers, understanding market dynamics and user behavior through platforms like Token Metrics can inform better design decisions and risk management strategies. The platform's comprehensive data helps identify trends, assess project viability, and optimize deployment strategies.

Testing Tools and Frameworks

Modern developers have access to powerful testing frameworks. Hardhat offers a comprehensive development environment with excellent testing capabilities and debugging tools. Foundry provides extremely fast testing written in Solidity itself, while Brownie serves Python developers with familiar syntax and powerful features.

Each framework has strengths: Hardhat excels in JavaScript/TypeScript environments, Foundry offers unmatched performance, and Brownie integrates beautifully with Python-based workflows.

Common Testing Pitfalls

Avoid testing only happy paths—attackers target edge cases and unexpected inputs. Don't neglect gas optimization testing, as inefficient contracts frustrate users and waste funds. Remember that testnet conditions differ from mainnet, particularly regarding network congestion and MEV considerations.

Conclusion

Testing smart contracts requires a multi-layered approach combining unit tests, integration tests, static analysis, and formal verification. The immutable nature of blockchain deployments makes thorough testing non-negotiable—prevention is infinitely cheaper than post-deployment remediation.

As the blockchain ecosystem matures, testing standards continue to evolve. Staying current with best practices, leveraging cutting-edge tools, and learning from past exploits helps ensure your smart contracts provide secure, reliable service to users. Whether you're building the next DeFi protocol or a simple NFT contract, comprehensive testing protects your users, your reputation, and the broader cryptocurrency ecosystem.

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