Crypto Basics

What are NFTs? NFT Art Explained | Future of NFTs

Learn more about NFTs and their future.
Token Metrics Team
6 minutes
MIN

You may have heard of CryptoPunks, Bored Ape Yacht Club, and VeeFriends, but you may not understand what they are. These names may sound like random combinations of words, but they actually represent some of the most valuable non-fungible token (NFT) projects that have emerged in the past few years.

The world of crypto art and NFTs may appear complex and mysterious, with a mix of celebrities, influencers, and internet experts. But it's not as confusing as it seems. Let's start from the beginning.

What Is An NFT?

Nearly all crypto art that has been introduced to the market has been done so through the minting of non-fungible tokens (NFTs). NFTs are digital assets that have verified proof of ownership. While "fungible tokens" like the US dollar can be easily traded (like exchanging 4 quarters for a dollar), each NFT is unique and cannot be easily traded. For example, imagine a sketch of "Starry Night" by Vincent Van Gogh that has been authenticated by a fine art appraiser as an original. This sketch would be non-fungible because you could not easily exchange it for, say, an original sketch by Leonardo da Vinci. This concept is easy to understand with tangible items like art pieces or collectible cards, but when digital assets can range from a celebrity tweet to an iconic meme to a picture of a pimped out animated ape, it may be confusing.

How Can We Ensure Unique Authenticity?

This is where NFTs enter the scene. Say you are a graphic design artist who just finished your newest 1-of-1 piece of work and you want to sell it as an NFT. Whoever purchases this piece would not only receive the artwork but they would also receive a “digital receipt” that proves that this exact piece is original, unique and authentic.

“But What If I Just Screenshot This Digital Artwork? Wouldn’t I Technically Own the Piece as Well?”

This is the first question that many have mockingly asked on social media and internet forums. The easy answer: yes, you can screenshot practically all digital artwork, but no, that does not mean you own it.

For example, millions of people swarm into the Louvre every year, waiting patiently amidst a giddy crowd, just to capture a picture of the priceless Mona Lisa. Obviously, a picture of the Mona Lisa saved on your iPhone camera roll does not mean that you own that painting.

NFTs work the same way.

Just as the Louvre paid millions of dollars to own, maintain, and display the Mona Lisa in their museum, NFT buyers do the same. However, the main difference is that instead of paying dollars to house the art in a fancy museum, they are paying with cryptocurrency and housing their art in a virtual showcase, so to speak.

This is the basis for how NFTs, cryptocurrency, and blockchain technology are establishing a new and lucrative market for digital art and artists.

The Art of Being Digital

In a 2021 interview, Gary Vaynerchuk (founder of Vayner Media and creator of VeeFriends) made the following statement regarding NFTs. The interviewer remarks on the tangibility of NFTs stating, "the digital aspect, like, you can't see it" — Gary jumps in:

"Well, you can't see a blue check on Instagram? I don't walk around the world with a blue check tattooed on my forehead, but everybody sees it. You can't see my 9 million followers on Instagram, or can you? I would argue the reverse. I would argue that people can't see most of the fancy things you have in your house; that people can see more digital than real life."

And he's onto something, and I'd like to call that something "The Art of Being Digital". In our highly digitized world, our online outreach and interconnectivity is wildly amplified. Gary Vee currently has 9.9 million followers on Instagram — but without access to the internet — he has no way of interacting with that community and tapping into the true power of those 9.9 million people.

Why Do NFTs Have Value?

The value of an NFT is determined by the collective intentionality of those who are willing to buy and sell them. In other words, the value of an NFT is based on what people are willing to pay for it. This is similar to the way that the value of traditional art is determined by the market, with the value being based on factors such as the artist's fame and the rarity of the work.

The Tom Brady example illustrates this idea. On the surface, it might seem strange that someone would pay $430k for a digital picture of a cartoon ape. However, if we consider the fact that the buyer was Tom Brady and the seller was the well-known digital artist Trevor Jones, it becomes clearer that the value of the NFT was determined by the collective intentionality of those involved in the transaction.

Furthermore, the digital art of NFTs offers more than just a digital file and a high price tag. NFTs provide the ability for digital artists to monetize their work and for collectors to own and trade unique digital items. This opens up new opportunities for artists and collectors alike, and has led to the growth of a vibrant and exciting market for NFTs.

Join The Club

Celebrities such as Tom Brady, Post Malone, Steph Curry, and Jimmy Fallon have been buying Bored Ape NFTs. Bored Ape NFTs were introduced by the Bored Ape Yacht Club (BAYC) in April 2021 at a price of 0.08 Ethereum (ETH) each, or about $190 at the time. Since then, the price of Bored Apes has increased significantly, yielding substantial returns for early investors.

In addition to the potential for financial gain, buying a Bored Ape NFT also grants the buyer access to the BAYC community. This includes access to the BAYC Discord, where buyers can connect with other members of the club, including celebrities, and collaborate on NFT-related projects. BAYC also gives members priority access to future NFT drops, allowing them to expand their collections.

Minting and selling NFTs can also be highly lucrative for those who create their own NFT projects. This is another reason why celebrities and others may be interested in the NFT market. Creating and selling NFTs allows artists and other creators to monetize their digital work and gives collectors the opportunity to own unique digital items. The growth of the NFT market has created new opportunities for both artists and collectors, leading to a vibrant and exciting market for NFTs.

Blockchain, Smart Contracts, and Secondary Sales

Blockchain technology is used to record the conversion of traditional currency into cryptocurrency, such as Ethereum (ETH), in the NFT market. This transaction is recorded on the blockchain as public information that is easily accessible to anyone who wants to view it. This ensures transparency and helps to prevent fraud in the NFT market.

Smart contracts are programs stored on the blockchain that allow NFT creators to stipulate the conditions of resale. For example, a creator could draft a smart contract that allows them to earn a 10% commission on any subsequent resales of their NFT. This allows creators to continue to benefit from the success of their work, even after the initial sale.

Smart contracts also facilitate secondary sales in the NFT market. When the value of an NFT increases, the smart contract associated with that NFT can automatically distribute any profits from the sale to the relevant parties, such as the creator or the NFT platform. For example, if the value of Tom Brady's Bored Ape NFT increased from $430k to $530k, the smart contract could automatically distribute the $100k profit to the Bored Ape Yacht Club, if that was stipulated in the contract.

This use of smart contracts helps to ensure that all parties are fairly compensated for their contributions to the NFT market, and it allows for efficient and transparent transactions without the need for intermediaries.

The Future Of Crypto-Art

Grammy-winning artist Tyler, the Creator recently questioned the value of NFTs, stating that most of the examples he has seen are not "beautiful art." While art is subjective and many NFTs are AI-generated, there are still many ways in which NFTs can offer value in the real world.

First, NFTs can be used to represent tangible experiences and achievements. Instead of framing a concert ticket or a season pass, these items could be represented as NFTs, allowing individuals to proudly display their experiences and achievements in the digital world. This could be especially beneficial for VIP experiences and exclusive memberships.

Second, NFTs can provide a level of authenticity and scarcity that cannot be achieved with physical items. This is especially useful for limited edition items and collectibles, which can be authenticated and traded easily on the blockchain.

Third, the use of smart contracts can ensure that all parties are fairly compensated for their contributions to the NFT market. This allows for transparent and efficient transactions without the need for intermediaries.

Overall, while some may dismiss NFTs as "silly little digital artworks," they have the potential to reshape not just the art world, but the world itself.

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Research

DeFi and AI Tokens Dominate as Crypto Market Nears $4 Trillion

Token Metrics Team
6 min
MIN

The cryptocurrency market continues to show resilience, with total market capitalization maintaining a strong foothold near $4 trillion. While Bitcoin remains the cornerstone of this cycle, the spotlight is shifting toward altcoins — especially those at the forefront of decentralized finance (DeFi) and artificial intelligence (AI) integration.

In this blog, we’ll explore the top narratives shaping today’s market, focusing on DeFi protocols like Blackhole DEX and PancakeSwap, alongside emerging AI projects such as Sahara AI and Moby AI.

Why DeFi Is Surging Again

DeFi has staged an impressive comeback in 2025. After a period of stagnation, several protocols have redefined their models to prioritize community engagement and sustainable growth.

Black Hole DEX:
Launched on Avalanche, Blackhole DEX has quickly become the network’s largest decentralized exchange, overtaking Trader Joe. The platform uses a community-first approach: no team allocation, weekly token emissions to liquidity providers, and a bribe-based voting mechanism for rewards distribution.

Impact:
This design has created a powerful flywheel effect. As token prices rise, APYs increase, attracting more liquidity, which in turn boosts trading volume and revenue. Within days, Blackhole DEX grew its TVL from $7 million to $193 million — a staggering feat.

PancakeSwap: A Sleeping Giant?

PancakeSwap, the dominant DEX on Binance Smart Chain (BSC), has been quietly outperforming its competitors in trading volumes and fee generation. Recent data shows PancakeSwap generating more than 4x the daily fees of Uniswap, yet its fully diluted valuation remains significantly lower.

Growth Catalysts:

  • Integration with the Binance Wallet ecosystem.
  • Expansion into other ecosystems like Solana.
  • All-time-high trading volumes despite broader market corrections.

For investors seeking a large-cap DeFi protocol with strong fundamentals and potential upside, PancakeSwap’s metrics warrant attention.

AI Meets Crypto: The Next Frontier

Artificial intelligence continues to transform multiple industries, and crypto is no exception.

Sahara AI:
Sahara AI is building a full-stack AI infrastructure for decentralized applications. Backed by heavyweights like Binance and Polychain, its mission is to bridge Web3 and AI — a theme that’s likely to dominate innovation cycles in the coming years.

Moby AI:
Initially launched as an AI trading agent, Moby AI has expanded into building tools like Moby Screener, a competitor to Dexscreener. Its unique tokenomics link user engagement directly to the platform’s utility, making it an experiment worth watching.

The Broader Altcoin Landscape

Beyond DeFi and AI, other notable projects are also gaining ground:

  • Graphite Protocol: The developer behind LetsBonk.Fun, sharing revenue with its ecosystem tokens through buyback strategies.

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  • Zora: A social media-meets-crypto platform allowing creators to monetize their content directly on-chain.

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  • Project X: A cross-chain DEX on Hyperliquid, amassing $28 million in TVL within 24 hours of launch.

These projects underscore the diversity of innovation happening outside Bitcoin’s shadow.

Risk Management in a Volatile Market

The excitement around DeFi and AI tokens comes with elevated risk. Here are some best practices:

  • Allocate wisely: Keep high-risk allocations (like low-cap “moonshots”) small — no more than 1% per trade.
  • Monitor narratives: Rapid shifts in market sentiment can create both opportunities and pitfalls.
  • Stay updated: Protocol changes, tokenomics adjustments, and ecosystem partnerships can significantly impact valuations.

Conclusion

As the crypto market edges closer to $4 trillion, the narratives driving growth are evolving. DeFi is proving its staying power with innovative models like Black Hole DEX, while AI-focused projects like Sahara AI are pushing the boundaries of what blockchain can achieve.

For market participants, the challenge lies in identifying which of these trends have lasting potential — and positioning themselves accordingly.

Research

Altcoins on the Rise: How Bitcoin’s Stability Is Fueling the Next Market Wave

Token Metrics Team
6 min
MIN

As Bitcoin stabilizes near its recent highs, the crypto market is witnessing a familiar pattern — altcoins are beginning to surge. While Bitcoin often leads during the early phases of a bullish cycle, history shows that capital tends to flow into altcoins as confidence builds. In the past two weeks, this transition has become increasingly evident, with several promising projects capturing significant market attention.

Bitcoin’s Stabilization and What It Means

Since early July, Bitcoin has managed to hold above key resistance levels, cementing its role as the market’s anchor. At the time of writing, total crypto market capitalization hovers near $4 trillion — a level that hasn’t been seen since the previous cycle’s peaks. Historically, when Bitcoin consolidates above its former highs, capital begins rotating into altcoins. This shift often marks the start of a broader rally across the market.

Key takeaway: The current market appears to be in the early stages of this altcoin rotation.

Altcoins Leading the Charge

Several altcoins have emerged as strong contenders in recent weeks.

1. Zora: The Social Token Platform
Zora, an on-chain social platform that allows creators to tokenize posts and earn from their content, has seen exponential growth following its integration into the Base App (Coinbase’s rebranded wallet). Creator activity and transaction volumes have surged, driving up demand for the Zora token. With each creator post paired to the Zora token, this integration has created a direct link between platform usage and token utility.

Why it matters: The combination of Web3 social media and creator monetization is a powerful narrative, and Zora appears well-positioned to capitalize on this trend.

2. Spark: A MakerDAO-Connected Lending Platform
Spark, a DeFi lending protocol linked to Sky Protocol, has also been a standout performer. It recently experienced a sharp increase in liquidity and price action, fueled by its integration with CookieDAO’s campaign and ongoing airdrop programs.

Why it matters: With DeFi gaining renewed interest, protocols offering sustainable yields through established ecosystems like Sky Protocol (formerly MakerDAO) are likely to remain attractive to both retail and institutional participants.

3. Sahara AI: Building the AI-Crypto Intersection
Sahara AI has positioned itself at the intersection of AI and blockchain. Backed by Binance, Polychain, and Foresight Ventures, this project offers a full-stack AI solution tailored for decentralized applications. Its long-term vision of creating AI-enabled Web3 services is attracting both developers and investors.

Why it matters: AI and crypto remain two of the most dominant narratives in tech, and projects combining these sectors could drive the next wave of innovation.

4. PancakeSwap: Undervalued Giant?
Despite being one of the largest DEXs by trading volume and daily fee generation, PancakeSwap appears significantly undervalued compared to peers like Uniswap. The platform recently expanded its operations to other chains, including Solana, and benefits from strong integration with the Binance Wallet ecosystem.

Why it matters: Fundamentals suggest PancakeSwap has room for growth if the market re-rates its value relative to competitors.

Market Themes to Watch

Bitcoin vs. Altcoin Season:
Our analysis shows we are still in a Bitcoin-dominant phase. Historically, altcoins outperform when Bitcoin consolidates or cools off. This implies that the current rotation into altcoins could continue as capital flows down the risk curve.

DeFi Revival:
Protocols like Blackhole DEX on Avalanche — which has grown its TVL from $7 million to $193 million in less than 2 weeks — highlight a renewed interest in decentralized finance. Unlike VC-backed models, Blackhole’s community-first tokenomics have resonated with users seeking fairer distribution.

Social Tokens & AI Integration:
Platforms like Zora and Sahara AI are tapping into major growth narratives: decentralized social media and artificial intelligence. Both sectors are likely to see continued experimentation and adoption.

Managing Risk in Altcoin Investing

While the upside potential in altcoins is high, so is the volatility. For high-risk trades, such as “moonshots” (low-cap tokens under $50 million market cap), we recommend:

  • Position sizing: Limit exposure to 1% per trade.
  • Diversification: Spread investments across multiple projects to reduce single-token risk.
  • Exit planning: Pre-define take-profit and stop-loss levels.

Conclusion

The crypto market is entering an exciting phase. Bitcoin’s consolidation above key levels suggests a healthy backdrop for risk assets, and altcoins are beginning to benefit. From creator monetization platforms like Zora to cross-chain DeFi protocols like Spark and Black Hole, this new wave of projects represents the diversity and innovation driving the next cycle.

As always, measured participation and disciplined risk management remain essential.

Crypto Basics

Types of Stablecoins: A Complete Guide for 2025

Token Metrics Team
8 min
MIN

The cryptocurrency market is famous for volatility—Bitcoin can swing by thousands of dollars in a day, and altcoins can rise or crash in hours. But what if you need price stability? That’s where stablecoins come in.

Stablecoins are digital currencies pegged to stable assets like the US dollar, gold, or even algorithmically maintained price levels. They bridge the gap between the speed and efficiency of blockchain technology and the reliability of traditional money.

As of 2025, stablecoins account for over $140 billion in circulating supply, making them essential for traders, investors, and decentralized finance (DeFi) users. But not all stablecoins are the same—different types use different mechanisms to maintain their stability, each with unique pros and cons.

In this guide, we’ll break down the types of stablecoins, how they work, their risks, and which might be best for your needs.

What Are Stablecoins?

A stablecoin is a cryptocurrency designed to maintain a stable value by pegging its price to a reference asset. Most stablecoins are pegged to fiat currencies like the U.S. dollar (e.g., 1 USDT ≈ $1), but some track commodities (like gold) or are algorithmically balanced to hold value.

They are widely used for:

  • Trading: Moving quickly in and out of volatile assets.
  • DeFi: Providing liquidity, borrowing, and earning yields.
  • Remittances: Sending low-cost, fast cross-border payments.
  • Hedging: Protecting against crypto market volatility.

Types of Stablecoins

There are four main types of stablecoins:

  1. Fiat‑Collateralized Stablecoins
  2. Crypto‑Collateralized Stablecoins
  3. Algorithmic (Non‑Collateralized) Stablecoins
  4. Commodity‑Backed Stablecoins

Each has a different method of maintaining its peg. Let’s break them down.

1. Fiat‑Collateralized Stablecoins

Definition:
These are backed 1:1 by traditional currencies like the U.S. dollar, euro, or yen. For every stablecoin issued, an equivalent amount of fiat is held in reserve by a trusted custodian.

How They Work:
If you buy 1 USDC, Circle (its issuer) holds $1 in a regulated bank account or short-term U.S. Treasury securities. When you redeem that stablecoin, the issuer sends you the equivalent amount in fiat and burns the coin.

Examples:

  • Tether (USDT) – Largest stablecoin by market cap; widely used on exchanges.
  • USD Coin (USDC) – Issued by Circle, fully regulated and audited.
  • TrueUSD (TUSD) – Offers real-time attestation of reserves.
  • PayPal USD (PYUSD) – Launched by PayPal for payments and DeFi.

Pros:

  • High stability – Pegged directly to fiat.
  • Transparent – Many provide audits and attestations.
  • Easy adoption – Ideal for traders, merchants, and payment platforms.

Cons:

  • Centralization – Custodians control reserves and can freeze accounts.
  • Regulatory risks – Subject to government oversight.
  • Less transparency for some issuers – (e.g., Tether faced scrutiny over its reserves).

2. Crypto‑Collateralized Stablecoins

Definition:
These are backed by cryptocurrencies like Ethereum or Bitcoin instead of fiat. Because crypto is volatile, these stablecoins are overcollateralized (e.g., $150 in ETH backs $100 in stablecoins).

How They Work:
When you mint a crypto-backed stablecoin like DAI, you deposit collateral (e.g., ETH) into a smart contract. If the collateral value drops too much, the contract automatically liquidates some assets to maintain the peg.

Examples:

  • DAI – Issued by MakerDAO, backed by ETH, USDC, and other assets.

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  • sUSD – A synthetic USD issued by Synthetix.
  • MIM (Magic Internet Money) – Collateralized by multiple crypto assets.

Pros:

  • Decentralized – No single company controls reserves.
  • Transparent – All collateral balances are viewable on-chain.
  • Resistant to censorship – Issuers can’t freeze accounts.

Cons:

  • Volatility risk – Collateral can lose value quickly, requiring liquidations.
  • Overcollateralization – Ties up more capital than fiat-backed options.
  • Complexity – Requires understanding of DeFi mechanics.

3. Algorithmic (Non‑Collateralized) Stablecoins

Definition:
These don’t use physical reserves. Instead, they maintain their peg via algorithmic supply adjustments—minting or burning tokens to balance price around $1.

How They Work:
If demand increases and the price rises above $1, the protocol mints more coins. If it falls below $1, the protocol burns coins or incentivizes users to buy them back.

Examples:

  • Ampleforth (AMPL) – Elastic supply adjusts daily.
  • UST (TerraUSD) – Infamously collapsed in 2022 after its peg broke.
  • Frax (FRAX) – Uses a hybrid model: partly collateralized, partly algorithmic.

Pros:

  • Highly capital-efficient – Doesn’t require large reserves.
  • Decentralized – Often governed by smart contracts and DAOs.

Cons:

  • Peg instability – Prone to “death spirals” when market confidence drops.
  • Complex mechanisms – Harder for average users to understand.
  • History of failures – UST/LUNA crash eroded trust in algorithmic coins.

4. Commodity‑Backed Stablecoins

Definition:
These stablecoins are pegged to commodities like gold, silver, or oil, giving them intrinsic value beyond fiat.

How They Work:
For every coin issued, an equivalent amount of the commodity is held in a secure vault. For example, owning 1 PAX Gold (PAXG) means you own 1 troy ounce of physical gold stored by the issuer.

Examples:

  • PAX Gold (PAXG) – Backed by physical gold.

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  • Tether Gold (XAUT) – Gold-backed token from Tether.
  • Digix Gold (DGX) – Pegged to gold bars in Singapore vaults.

Pros:

  • Hedge against inflation – Commodities like gold retain value during economic uncertainty.
  • Diversification – Offers exposure to both crypto and commodities.

Cons:

  • Low liquidity – Less widely used than fiat-backed stablecoins.
  • Storage & audit challenges – Requires trust in the issuer to maintain reserves.

Why Do Stablecoins Matter?

Stablecoins are the backbone of DeFi and crypto trading.

  • Trading & arbitrage: They provide a quick way to exit volatile positions without converting back to fiat.
  • Cross-border payments: Cheaper and faster than SWIFT or remittance services.
  • DeFi participation: Essential for lending, borrowing, yield farming, and liquidity pools.
  • On-ramp/off-ramp: They simplify converting between traditional finance and blockchain.

Which Type of Stablecoin Should You Use?

If you want simplicity & security: Go with fiat-backed coins like USDC or PYUSD.

If you value decentralization: Choose crypto-collateralized options like DAI.

If you’re comfortable with high risk: Explore algorithmic models like FRAX (but beware of peg risks).

If you want inflation protection: Consider commodity-backed coins like PAXG.

Key Risks of Stablecoins

  • Regulation: Governments are increasing oversight of fiat-backed coins.
  • Centralization: Some issuers can freeze funds or blacklist wallets.
  • Smart contract risks: DeFi-based stablecoins can suffer from bugs or exploits.
  • Peg breaks: Algorithmic models are especially vulnerable to confidence loss.

The Future of Stablecoins

In 2025, stablecoins are evolving to meet regulatory and market demands:

  • Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs): Governments are issuing digital dollars and euros, potentially competing with stablecoins.
  • Regulated issuers: Projects like USDC are working closely with regulators to ensure compliance.
  • Hybrid models: Combining fiat and algorithmic elements (e.g., Frax) to enhance stability.

As DeFi expands and global adoption grows, stablecoins will remain at the heart of crypto finance.

Final Thoughts

Stablecoins are more than just “digital dollars.” They’re a critical bridge between traditional finance and blockchain innovation.

  • Fiat-backed stablecoins bring stability and ease of use.
  • Crypto-collateralized ones offer transparency and decentralization.
  • Algorithmic models push innovation but carry higher risks.
  • Commodity-backed coins provide a hedge against inflation and diversify exposure.

Choosing the right type depends on your risk tolerance, use case, and trust level. Whether for trading, saving, or participating in DeFi, understanding the types of stablecoins can help you navigate the crypto ecosystem with confidence.

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