Crypto Basics

What Is an ETF Fund? A Beginner’s Guide to Exchange-Traded Funds in 2025

Discover what an ETF fund is, how it works, and how to invest smarter using AI tools like Token Metrics. Learn about stock ETFs, crypto ETFs, and ETF benefits and risks.
Token Metrics Team
6 min
MIN

ETF funds, or Exchange-Traded Funds, have revolutionized investing for both retail and institutional investors. In 2025, ETF funds are more popular than ever—offering a simple, low-cost, and diversified way to invest in everything from tech stocks to cryptocurrencies. But what exactly is an ETF fund, and why is it such a powerful investment tool?

In this article, we’ll explain:

  • What is an ETF fund?
  • How ETF funds work
  • Types of ETFs (including crypto ETFs)
  • Key benefits and risks
  • How Token Metrics, an AI-powered platform, helps you make better ETF investment decisions

Let’s dive in.

📌 What Is an ETF Fund?

An ETF fund (Exchange-Traded Fund) is a type of investment fund that holds a basket of securities—such as stocks, bonds, commodities, or cryptocurrencies—and is traded on a stock exchange, just like individual stocks.

When you buy a share of an ETF fund, you are buying partial ownership of that entire portfolio of assets. This gives you instant diversification without having to purchase each asset individually.

For example, an ETF fund that tracks the S&P 500 allows you to invest in 500 of the largest U.S. companies with just one purchase.

🔍 How Does an ETF Fund Work?

ETF funds are created by financial institutions called fund sponsors (like BlackRock, Fidelity, or Vanguard). These sponsors select and manage a portfolio of underlying assets and list the ETF shares on stock exchanges.

Here's how it works:

  1. Creation – The sponsor assembles a portfolio and forms an ETF.
  2. Listing – Shares of the ETF are listed and traded on exchanges like NYSE or Nasdaq.
  3. Buying/Selling – Investors buy and sell ETF shares throughout the day at market prices.
  4. Price Movement – The price of an ETF share fluctuates based on the value of its underlying assets and market demand.

ETF prices are influenced by a combination of Net Asset Value (NAV) and real-time market supply/demand.

🧩 Types of ETF Funds

In 2025, investors have access to a wide variety of ETF funds based on asset classes, strategies, and markets.

1. Stock ETFs

Track specific sectors (e.g., tech, healthcare), regions (e.g., U.S., Europe), or indices (e.g., S&P 500, NASDAQ-100).

2. Bond ETFs

Provide exposure to government, municipal, or corporate bonds with varying durations and yields.

3. Commodity ETFs

Track physical commodities like gold, silver, oil, or agricultural products.

4. Thematic ETFs

Focus on emerging trends or industries like artificial intelligence, clean energy, space exploration, or blockchain.

5. Crypto ETFs (New in 2025)

Give exposure to digital assets such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, and DeFi tokens—without requiring direct crypto ownership.

💥 What Are Crypto ETF Funds?

In 2025, crypto ETF funds are among the fastest-growing segments in the market. They offer secure, regulated access to cryptocurrencies via traditional brokerages.

Crypto ETFs include:

  • Spot ETFs: Hold actual crypto assets like Bitcoin or Ethereum.
  • Futures ETFs: Track prices of crypto futures contracts.
  • Basket ETFs: Combine multiple crypto assets or themes, like DeFi or Web3.

These ETFs have made it easier for both institutions and retail investors to gain exposure to crypto without managing wallets, keys, or exchanges.

✅ Benefits of Investing in ETF Funds

ETF funds offer several advantages for investors in 2025:

1. Diversification

With just one purchase, you gain exposure to a broad portfolio of assets—reducing risk.

2. Liquidity

ETFs trade on exchanges all day, allowing you to buy or sell quickly at market prices.

3. Low Cost

Most ETFs have expense ratios under 0.20%, much lower than actively managed mutual funds.

4. Transparency

Most ETF funds disclose their holdings daily, so you always know what you’re investing in.

5. Tax Efficiency

Due to their structure, ETFs are generally more tax-efficient than mutual funds.

⚠️ Risks of ETF Funds

Like all investments, ETF funds come with risks:

1. Market Risk

If the market or sector an ETF tracks declines, your investment will also lose value.

2. Liquidity Risk

Some ETFs, especially niche or low-volume ones, can have wider spreads and lower liquidity.

3. Tracking Error

An ETF may not perfectly track the performance of its underlying index due to fees, slippage, or poor replication.

4. Over-Concentration

Some thematic ETFs may be overly concentrated in a few assets, increasing volatility.

🤖 How Token Metrics Enhances ETF Investing with AI

Token Metrics is an AI-powered crypto analytics and trading platform that helps investors research, evaluate, and make smarter decisions—including with crypto ETFs.

Here’s how Token Metrics helps you get ahead:

🔎 1. AI-Powered Ratings

Token Metrics uses advanced AI models to assign Investor Grades and Trader Grades to crypto assets, helping you identify the strongest performers—often held by top ETFs.

📊 2. Predictive Price Forecasts

Get forward-looking price predictions on Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other assets held in ETFs—so you can assess whether an ETF is likely to appreciate.

📈 3. On-Chain + ETF Inflow Analysis

Token Metrics tracks real-time ETF inflows, exchange reserves, and on-chain data, giving you insight into supply-demand dynamics that move prices.

🔔 4. Smart Alerts

Set alerts for key changes in asset ratings, prices, or bullish/bearish signals to stay informed on ETF-related opportunities.

By combining ETF investing with Token Metrics insights, you position yourself ahead of market trends and optimize your portfolio performance.

📈 Popular ETF Funds in 2025

Here are some high-performing ETF funds in traditional and crypto markets:

🧠 Final Thoughts

ETF funds are one of the most efficient and flexible ways to build a diversified investment portfolio in 2025. Whether you're targeting long-term growth, passive income, or exposure to emerging markets like crypto—ETF funds offer a secure, low-cost, and easy-to-use investment solution.

And with the rise of crypto ETF funds, platforms like Token Metrics are critical in helping investors evaluate opportunities, manage risk, and time the market using AI.

Whether you're a seasoned investor or just getting started, combining ETF investing with AI-powered insights gives you the edge in today's rapidly evolving financial landscape.

Build Smarter Crypto Apps &
AI Agents in Minutes, Not Months
Real-time prices, trading signals, and on-chain insights all from one powerful API.
Grab a Free API Key
Token Metrics Team
Token Metrics Team

Recent Posts

Research

Altcoins Bull Run: How to Prepare and Profit in 2025

Token Metrics Team
6 min
MIN

Introduction: The Next Altcoin Bull Run

Altcoin bull runs are some of the most exciting periods in cryptocurrency, delivering life‑changing gains for prepared investors. These cycles often follow or coincide with Bitcoin rallies, as capital flows into smaller, high‑growth tokens in search of outsized returns.

In 2025, with AI‑powered platforms, institutional adoption, and innovative sectors like DeFi, AI tokens, and real‑world assets (RWAs) driving growth, the stage is set for a potentially historic altcoin bull run. This guide explains how to prepare, what to watch for, and how tools like Token Metrics can help you capitalize on this opportunity.

What Triggers an Altcoin Bull Run?

Understanding what drives these rallies is key to recognizing when one begins.

  1. Bitcoin’s Rally & Consolidation:
    Historically, altcoins outperform when Bitcoin dominance peaks and stabilizes, freeing capital for riskier plays.

  2. Narrative‑Driven Growth:
    Sectors like AI tokens (e.g., TMAI), Layer 2 scaling solutions, and DeFi protocols often spark renewed investor interest.

  3. Increased Institutional Involvement:
    The rise of crypto ETFs, staking products, and venture capital fuels liquidity for altcoins.

  4. Retail FOMO (Fear of Missing Out):
    Bull runs accelerate when mainstream investors pile in, chasing early winners.

Signs an Altcoin Bull Run Is Starting

  • Rising Altcoin Market Cap: Watch for increasing total market cap outside Bitcoin, signaling inflows to smaller coins.
  • Bitcoin Dominance Decline: A drop in BTC dominance often correlates with altcoin rallies.
  • AI‑Detected Trend Shifts: Platforms like Token Metrics can identify early momentum signals across hundreds of tokens.
  • On‑Chain Activity Surge: Rising active wallets, transactions, and developer contributions are bullish indicators.

How to Prepare for the Next Bull Run

Preparation is everything. Here’s how to position yourself before the market takes off:

1. Build a Diversified Portfolio:
Combine large‑cap coins (Ethereum, Solana) with high‑potential small‑caps like Token Metrics AI (TMAI) or narrative‑driven DeFi tokens.

2. Use AI‑Powered Analytics:
Token Metrics leverages over 80 data points per token—including technicals, fundamentals, and sentiment—to help you spot early movers before the crowd.

3. Set Entry and Exit Plans:
Define profit targets and stop‑loss levels before entering trades to avoid emotional decisions during volatility.

4. Stay Liquid:
Keep a portion of your portfolio in stablecoins to seize opportunities during sharp pullbacks.

Top Narratives for the 2025 Bull Run

The next altcoin season will likely be driven by powerful narratives:

  • AI Tokens: Projects like Token Metrics AI (TMAI) and Fetch.ai (FET) combining blockchain and artificial intelligence.
  • Real‑World Asset Tokenization: Platforms enabling real estate, commodities, and equity tokenization.
  • DeFi Evolution: Next‑gen decentralized finance protocols offering higher yields and lower fees.
  • Layer 2 Scaling: Solutions like Polygon (MATIC) and Arbitrum (ARB) improving blockchain efficiency.

Strategies to Maximize Profits

  1. Dollar‑Cost Averaging (DCA):
    Invest gradually to reduce exposure to volatility while building positions in high‑conviction tokens.

  2. Swing Trading:
    Use short‑ to mid‑term trades to capture profits during parabolic moves. Token Metrics trading signals can help identify ideal entry and exit points.

  3. Staking & Yield Farming:
    Earn passive income on proof‑of‑stake tokens and DeFi platforms while holding long‑term assets.

  4. Portfolio Rebalancing:
    Periodically adjust allocations to lock in profits and maintain risk‑reward balance.

Managing Risk in a Bull Run

With great opportunity comes great risk. Here’s how to protect your gains:

  • Set Stop‑Loss Orders: Prevent catastrophic losses in case of sudden market reversals.
  • Take Profits Early: Secure gains incrementally instead of waiting for perfect tops.
  • Avoid Overleveraging: High leverage can amplify losses as quickly as profits.
  • Rely on Data: Use Token Metrics’ AI‑powered portfolio tools to track performance and adjust based on market signals.

The Role of Token Metrics in Bull Run Investing

Token Metrics is an essential tool for navigating altcoin bull markets, offering:

  • AI‑Generated Ratings: Scoring tokens based on fundamentals, technical analysis, and on‑chain data.
  • Narrative Detection: Identifying hot sectors like AI or DeFi before they trend.
  • Portfolio Optimization: Helping you allocate capital efficiently across high‑potential assets.
  • Real‑Time Alerts: Notifications for bullish or bearish momentum shifts.

This data‑driven approach helps investors stay ahead of the crowd and avoid emotional decision‑making during fast‑moving markets.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Chasing Pumps: Don’t buy tokens already up several hundred percent without understanding their fundamentals.
  • Ignoring Fundamentals: Popularity alone doesn’t guarantee long‑term success—use platforms like Token Metrics for deep analysis.
  • Lack of an Exit Plan: Have clear profit targets and stick to them.

The Future of Altcoin Bull Runs

As crypto matures, AI‑enhanced analytics, regulatory clarity, and wider institutional adoption are likely to make future altcoin seasons more sustainable and inclusive.

In 2025, the winners will be those who combine smart preparation, narrative awareness, and AI‑powered tools like Token Metrics to maximize returns.

Conclusion

The 2025 altcoins bull run could be one of the most lucrative in crypto history, but success requires preparation, strategy, and discipline.

By diversifying across high‑potential narratives, using AI‑driven insights from Token Metrics, and following a clear plan, you can profit from explosive growth while managing risk effectively.

In altcoin bull runs, timing, data, and psychology are everything—get them right, and the opportunities are limitless.

Crypto Basics

How Does Blockchain Work? A Complete Guide for 2025

Token Metrics Team
5 min
MIN

Introduction to Blockchain Technology

Blockchain is the foundation of modern cryptocurrency and one of the most transformative technologies of the digital age. Initially created to support Bitcoin, blockchain has expanded into countless use cases, from decentralized finance (DeFi) to supply chain tracking, real-world asset tokenization, and artificial intelligence (AI) integration.

In 2025, understanding how blockchain works is essential—not just for crypto investors but for anyone navigating the evolving digital economy. This article explains the structure, components, and applications of blockchain in simple terms and explores how platforms like Token Metrics use blockchain data to help investors make smarter decisions.

What Is Blockchain?

At its core, blockchain is a distributed digital ledger that records transactions across a network of computers. Unlike traditional databases controlled by a single entity, blockchain operates on a decentralized network, making it secure, transparent, and tamper-resistant.

Each entry in this ledger is grouped into a “block,” and these blocks are linked (or chained) together in chronological order—hence the name blockchain.

Key Features of Blockchain

  1. Decentralization:
    No single entity controls the network. Instead, multiple participants (called nodes) maintain the ledger.

  2. Transparency:
    Transactions are visible to all participants, increasing accountability and reducing fraud.

  3. Immutability:
    Once data is recorded on a blockchain, it cannot be altered or deleted.

  4. Security:
    Blockchain uses cryptography to secure transactions and protect user identities.

How Blockchain Works: Step-by-Step

  1. Transaction Creation:
    A blockchain process begins when someone initiates a transaction, such as transferring cryptocurrency or executing a smart contract.

  2. Verification by Nodes:
    The transaction is broadcast to a network of computers (nodes). These nodes verify its validity using consensus mechanisms like Proof of Work (PoW) or Proof of Stake (PoS).

  3. Block Creation:
    Once verified, the transaction is bundled with others into a block.

  4. Adding the Block to the Chain:
    The block is cryptographically linked to the previous one, creating an unbroken chain of data.

  5. Consensus & Finalization:
    The network reaches consensus, confirming the block as part of the permanent ledger.

Consensus Mechanisms: How the Network Agrees

Consensus mechanisms are protocols that ensure all nodes agree on the state of the blockchain.

  • Proof of Work (PoW):
    Used by Bitcoin, this method involves miners solving complex puzzles to validate transactions.

  • Proof of Stake (PoS):
    Used by Ethereum and many other blockchains in 2025, this energy-efficient model requires validators to stake tokens as collateral for transaction verification.

  • Other Models:
    Variants like Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) and Proof of Authority (PoA) aim to balance efficiency with security.

Components of a Blockchain

  1. Blocks:
    Contain transaction data, a timestamp, and a cryptographic hash.

  2. Nodes:
    Computers that maintain and validate the blockchain.

  3. Smart Contracts:
    Self-executing agreements coded directly onto the blockchain.

  4. Cryptographic Keys:
    Digital signatures that authenticate participants and secure transactions.

Public vs. Private Blockchains

  • Public Blockchains:
    Open networks like Bitcoin and Ethereum allow anyone to participate.

  • Private Blockchains:
    Restricted networks used by enterprises for applications like supply chain management.

In 2025, hybrid models combining public and private features are increasingly popular for balancing transparency with privacy.

Applications of Blockchain in 2025

  1. Cryptocurrencies:
    The primary use case remains facilitating peer-to-peer transactions with coins like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Token Metrics AI (TMAI).

  2. Decentralized Finance (DeFi):
    Platforms for lending, borrowing, and trading without intermediaries.

  3. Real-World Assets (RWAs):
    Tokenizing physical assets like real estate or commodities.

  4. AI & Analytics:
    Platforms like Token Metrics use blockchain data to deliver AI-powered investment insights.

  5. Supply Chain Management:
    Tracking goods transparently from production to delivery.

  6. Identity Management:
    Blockchain secures personal identities and reduces fraud in digital interactions.

Benefits of Blockchain

  1. Enhanced Security:
    Blockchain’s cryptographic design makes it nearly impossible to hack or alter.

  2. Reduced Costs:
    Eliminates intermediaries, cutting transaction fees and operational expenses.

  3. Improved Efficiency:
    Enables faster transactions, especially with PoS blockchains.

  4. Global Accessibility:
    Anyone with an internet connection can participate in public blockchain networks.

Challenges Facing Blockchain

  1. Scalability:
    Handling large transaction volumes remains an issue for many networks.

  2. Regulatory Uncertainty:
    Governments are still determining how to regulate blockchain-based assets.

  3. Energy Consumption:
    Though PoS reduces energy use, PoW blockchains still face environmental concerns.

  4. Adoption Barriers:
    Enterprises and individuals need more education and tools for blockchain integration.

How Token Metrics Uses Blockchain Data

Platforms like Token Metrics take blockchain a step further by:

  • Analyzing On-Chain Data: Evaluating wallet activity, transaction volumes, and developer engagement.
  • AI-Driven Ratings: Scoring tokens based on over 80 data points, from technical performance to sentiment analysis.
  • Portfolio Optimization: Helping investors build and manage blockchain-based portfolios effectively.

By combining blockchain transparency with AI-powered analytics, Token Metrics provides a comprehensive view of crypto investments.

Practical Tips for Understanding Blockchain

  1. Experiment with Wallets:
    Set up a wallet to explore how transactions work firsthand.

  2. Use Blockchain Explorers:
    Platforms like Etherscan let you view transactions in real-time.

  3. Follow Blockchain Projects:
    Stay updated on leading networks like Ethereum, Polygon, and Token Metrics AI (TMAI).

  4. Leverage Analytics Tools:
    Use Token Metrics to interpret complex blockchain data in an investor-friendly way.

The Future of Blockchain

In 2025, blockchain continues to evolve beyond cryptocurrencies. With advances in scalability solutions, real-world asset tokenization, and AI integration, blockchain is shaping the next generation of financial systems, digital identity solutions, and decentralized applications.

As enterprises, governments, and investors adopt blockchain, its role in the digital economy will only grow.

Conclusion

Blockchain is more than a buzzword—it’s a transformative technology driving innovation across industries. By understanding how blockchain works—its structure, consensus mechanisms, and applications—you can better navigate the crypto market and the broader digital landscape.

Platforms like Token Metrics make blockchain analysis accessible and actionable, offering AI-driven insights to help investors capitalize on this rapidly expanding technology. In 2025, mastering blockchain fundamentals isn’t just helpful—it’s essential for participating in the future of finance and digital ownership.

Crypto Basics

Coin Market Cap: A Complete Guide for Smarter Crypto Investing in 2025

Token Metrics Team
6 min
MIN

Introduction to Coin Market Cap

In the fast-paced world of cryptocurrency investing, market capitalization, often called market cap, is one of the most essential metrics for evaluating projects. It helps investors quickly gauge a coin’s size, value, and growth potential, making it a cornerstone for portfolio allocation and risk management.

Whether you’re a beginner trying to understand which cryptocurrencies to buy or an experienced trader managing a complex portfolio, understanding coin market cap is critical. In this guide, we’ll break down what market cap is, how to use it effectively, its limitations, and how platforms like Token Metrics can enhance your analysis with advanced data insights.

What Is Coin Market Cap?

Market capitalization refers to the total value of a cryptocurrency in circulation. It’s calculated using a simple formula:

Market Cap=Current Price×Circulating Supply\text{Market Cap} = \text{Current Price} \times \text{Circulating Supply}

For example, if a cryptocurrency is priced at $20 and has 50 million coins in circulation, its market cap would be $1 billion. This figure provides a snapshot of the project’s relative size and its standing in the broader crypto market.

Market cap is an invaluable metric for quickly comparing projects, identifying potential opportunities, and understanding the level of risk associated with an investment.

Why Market Cap Matters in Crypto

Market cap plays a crucial role in crypto investing for several reasons:

  1. Assessing Project Size:
    It indicates whether a cryptocurrency is large-cap (established and relatively stable), mid-cap (moderate growth potential), or small-cap (high risk and high reward).

  2. Determining Growth Potential:
    Comparing market caps across similar projects can highlight undervalued assets with room to grow.

  3. Portfolio Allocation:
    By understanding the market cap of various assets, you can balance your portfolio between high-risk small caps and more stable large caps.

  4. Benchmarking Performance:
    Market cap allows you to compare assets within the same category—for example, evaluating competing layer 1 blockchains or AI tokens.

Types of Cryptocurrencies by Market Cap

Cryptocurrencies are typically categorized by their market cap:

  • Large-Cap Cryptos (>$10 Billion):
    These are well-established, widely adopted coins like Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), and Binance Coin (BNB). They tend to be less volatile and serve as the “blue chips” of crypto.

  • Mid-Cap Cryptos ($1–10 Billion):
    These include projects like Polygon (MATIC), Arbitrum (ARB), and Chainlink (LINK). They balance growth potential with relatively lower risk than small caps.

  • Small-Cap Cryptos (<$1 Billion):
    These high-risk, high-reward tokens often include emerging narrative-driven coins like Token Metrics AI (TMAI) or experimental DeFi projects. They can deliver significant returns but also carry a higher chance of failure.

How to Use Market Cap in Investment Decisions

While market cap is only one part of the puzzle, it’s a powerful tool when used correctly. Here’s how to incorporate it into your strategy:

  1. Identify Undervalued Assets:
    Look for coins with strong fundamentals and low market caps relative to competitors. For example, an innovative AI project like TMAI with a market cap significantly lower than its peers could signal untapped potential.

  2. Balance Risk and Reward:
    Allocate funds across large-, mid-, and small-cap assets. Large caps bring stability, while mid- and small caps provide growth opportunities.

  3. Track Sector Trends:
    Monitor market caps by category (e.g., AI tokens, DeFi protocols, Layer 2 scaling solutions) to identify which sectors are gaining traction.

  4. Compare Projects:
    Use market cap to evaluate competitors within the same niche. For instance, comparing Polygon and Arbitrum can help assess which layer 2 solution has more market trust.

Limitations of Using Market Cap

Although market cap is a useful metric, it has its shortcomings:

  1. No Liquidity Insights:
    A high market cap doesn’t always mean easy liquidity. Some tokens with large caps may have thin trading volumes, making them hard to buy or sell.

  2. Doesn’t Reflect Token Distribution:
    Market cap doesn’t account for how tokens are distributed. A project with concentrated ownership may have inflated prices that don’t reflect real demand.

  3. Ignores Project Fundamentals:
    Market cap alone won’t tell you if a project has strong technology, an active user base, or real-world utility.

This is why market cap analysis should always be combined with other key metrics and qualitative research, which is where Token Metrics becomes invaluable.

Enhancing Market Cap Analysis with Token Metrics

While traditional market cap data offers a snapshot, Token Metrics goes deeper by analyzing:

  • On-Chain Metrics: Active wallets, transaction volumes, and network growth.
  • Technical Analysis: AI-driven price predictions based on historical and real-time data.
  • Fundamental Analysis: Project utility, team credibility, and adoption potential.
  • Token Grades: Proprietary scoring that evaluates over 80 data points per token.

This AI-powered approach allows investors to identify truly undervalued projects that might be overlooked by simply glancing at market cap.

Market Cap vs. Other Key Metrics

Market cap is most powerful when used alongside:

  • Trading Volume: Indicates liquidity and investor interest.
  • Fully Diluted Valuation (FDV): Projects with low circulating supply but high FDV might face inflationary pressures.
  • Total Value Locked (TVL): For DeFi tokens, TVL shows how much capital is actively being used in protocols.

Combining these insights with market cap offers a more complete view of a project’s health and potential.

Practical Steps for Using Market Cap in 2025

  1. Start with Large Caps:
    Anchor your portfolio with stable large-cap assets like BTC and ETH.

  2. Explore Mid- and Small-Caps:
    Use Token Metrics to identify emerging projects with strong fundamentals and room for growth.

  3. Diversify by Sector:
    Allocate to different narratives—AI tokens like TMAI, DeFi coins, and scaling solutions—to spread risk.

  4. Reassess Regularly:
    Crypto markets move quickly. Track changing market caps to adjust your allocations proactively.

Conclusion

Coin market cap remains one of the most fundamental metrics for analyzing cryptocurrencies. It provides a clear picture of project size and helps investors allocate capital effectively.

However, market cap alone isn’t enough. To make smarter, data-driven decisions, investors should combine market cap insights with on-chain data, technical analysis, and AI-driven insights from Token Metrics.

In 2025, using market cap alongside advanced analytics can help you identify undervalued opportunities, manage risk effectively, and build a balanced, growth-oriented crypto portfolio.

Choose from Platinum, Gold, and Silver packages
Reach with 25–30% open rates and 0.5–1% CTR
Craft your own custom ad—from banners to tailored copy
Perfect for Crypto Exchanges, SaaS Tools, DeFi, and AI Products