Crypto Basics

What is Polkadot (DOT) Crypto and Is It a Good Investment?

Learn everything about Polkadot (DOT) crypto and how it works in this descriptive guide.
Token Metrics Team
8 minutes
MIN

Polkadot is an innovative, interoperable blockchain network that has the potential to revolutionize the crypto industry. It is the brainchild of Dr. Gavin Wood, one of the co-founders of Ethereum.

Polkadot provides a platform for different blockchains to interact with each other, enabling the exchange of data and assets between them.

With its scalability, robust security features, and cross-chain compatibility, Polkadot is quickly becoming one of the most popular networks for developers and users. This comprehensive guide will provide an overview of the Polkadot network and its features and a look at some of the projects built on the platform. From its scalability to its security and interoperability, this guide will cover the basics of Polkadot and why it is revolutionizing the blockchain industry.

History of the Polkadot Network

‍The Polkadot network is a scalable, interoperable blockchain network designed to connect numerous blockchain networks and facilitate data and asset transfer between them. It was proposed by Gavin Wood, one of the co-founders of Ethereum, and was funded by a successful ICO in 2017. 

The network is powered by a native token known as DOT, which governs the network and exchanges data between chains.

Polkadot is unique in that it is designed to be "hack-proof", due to its implementation of a "democratic" consensus mechanism. While a small number of miners control other blockchain networks, Polkadot's consensus is controlled by a large pool of validators who are democratically elected by users of the network. This ensures that no one party can completely control the network, making it resistant to cyber-attacks.

Polkadot's Scalability

One of the biggest issues affecting the blockchain industry is scalability. Networks like Ethereum can only process 15 transactions per second, which is far from sufficient for mass adoption. If a blockchain network hopes to be used by large corporations and governments, a low transaction capacity is a huge barrier to entry.

Polkadot uses a unique relay chain system to solve the scalability problem. The relay chain system acts as a bridge between different blockchains, allowing them to connect to each other. The chains are controlled by validators who process transactions for chains they are not a part of. 

This allows for transactions on the Polkadot network to be processed by a network of blockchains instead of one single blockchain. This allows for a significant increase in transaction capacity, with one estimate showing 200,000 transactions per second.

The Security Benefits Of Polkadot

Polkadot is committed to providing secure, stable blockchain networks that are not susceptible to cyber attacks. To achieve this, Polkadot uses a unique governance model that allows a large pool of validators to secure the network against attacks.

‍Any party can become a validator on the network by staking DOT tokens. Validators are then rewarded for their work by being paid a portion of DOT token fees generated by the network. 

Validators have a lot of power on the Polkadot network and are responsible for:

  • Confirming transactions
  • Producing blocks
  • Processing cross-chain communication, and 
  • Governing the network. 

If a validator behaves maliciously on the network, the network can punish them by reducing their reward or completely removing them from the network.

Polkadot's Interoperability

One of the biggest problems facing blockchain networks is interoperability. Blockchains cannot communicate with each other, which is a significant barrier to the implementation of blockchain technology on a large scale. Polkadot uses a unique system known as the relay chain to enable cross-chain communication between different networks. 

For example, let's say that a business wants to move funds from a corporate blockchain network to a public blockchain network for the purpose of trading digital assets. Currently, there is no way for these blockchains to communicate with each other, which makes the process extremely difficult and expensive.

With Polkadot's relay chain, the funds are sent from one blockchain to the relay chain; then they are sent to the other blockchain. The relay chain allows blockchain networks to communicate with each other and exchange data, removing the interoperability barrier.

Projects Built on Polkadot

Polkadot has a handful of projects being built on its network. Acala is one such project.

Acala is the ultimate DeFi solution, providing a secure and scalable blockchain platform built on Polkadot, along with a variety of cross-chain financial tools. Users can trade, borrow, provide liquidity, access staking derivatives, and earn high-interest returns on their digital assets. Compatible with Ethereum and optimized for DeFi, Acala's all-in-one network offers endless possibilities for decentralized finance.

How to Buy Polkadot Crypto?

To buy Polkadot’s token, follow these 3-simple steps:

1. Select a Cryptocurrency Exchange

If you’re new to investing in cryptocurrency, you’ll have to open an account with a cryptocurrency exchange. If you’re deciding between exchanges, pay attention to the platform’s security features, account minimums and added fees. Eg: Binance, Coinbase, Kraken

2. Submit Your Polkadot Order

Once you get an exchange account, you can fund it by either linking your bank account or entering your debit card information. Some exchanges allow you to use a credit card, but think twice before using credit as it might charge excess fees. When you’re ready to purchase Polkadot, use the ticker symbol—DOT—and enter the amount you want to invest, such as $50 or $100.

3. Store Your Polkadot

Whenever you buy cryptocurrencies, you have to handle storage on your own. Properly storing your investment is essential to ensure you keep your tokens safe. There are several storage options:

Hard Wallet: A hard wallet resembles a flash drive or USB drive. It’s a small, physical device that plugs into your computer or laptop and stores your private and personal crypto keys. They are considered “cold” because they aren’t connected to the internet or a network when not actively in use.

Paper Wallet: This form of storage is less popular than it used to be but can be a viable storage option. With a paper wallet, you write down keys or apps to download a QR code. If you lose it, you can recover your cryptocurrencies.

Software Wallet: Software wallets are apps or programs you can download to manage your cryptocurrencies electronically. Because they’re connected to the internet and networks, they’re less secure, but they make it easy to trade your holdings.

Crypto Exchanges: Some cryptocurrency exchanges, such as Coinbase, has built-in storage and store cryptocurrencies on your behalf. But relying on an exchange for storage can be risky, and you may want to consider other solutions for long-term storage.

Is Polkadot A Good Investment?

Although Polkadot might experience a bearish 2023, this indeed can be the right time to invest. Because, In 2021, Polkadot concreted its worth to potential traders and investors with apparent proof.

How?

Polkadot has actually kept its promise as the DOT token went on to hit an all-time high along with ranking well among the crypto peers in 2021. Despite a market crash or a price drop, Polkadot is still estimated to be in the profit zone. 

To cut it short, crypto prediction experts suggest that 2023 is the ideal time to buy DOT tokens, yet, it’s suggestible to do your own research and analysis before you make the call.

Future Of Polkadot Crypto

Polkadot is a fairly young asset of the crypto world,  but it saw a great surge in its popularity among cryptocurrencies in 2021 and 2022. Experts project that Polkadot's position would rise over time and confront other high-ranking cryptos like Ethereum.

Polkadot’s big aspect is its interoperability with various independent blockchains. Interoperability is a broad term used in the crypto space to describe the process of interacting between two or more different blockchains.

Although many networks share similar concepts, Polkadot is the only platform that makes this vision a reality, as it is the first solution that can achieve significantly high interoperability.

The Bottom Line

The Polkadot network aims to be the internet of blockchains by allowing different blockchain networks to connect with each other and exchange data. With its scalable network, robust security features, and cross-chain compatibility, Polkadot is quickly becoming one of the most popular networks for developers and users.

With the implementation of the relay chain, Polkadot is positioning itself as the first truly interoperable blockchain network and a game-changer in the blockchain industry.

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Crypto Basics

What Indicators Should I Use for Technical Crypto Analysis?

Token Metrics Team
8 min
MIN

If you’re serious about trading cryptocurrency, technical analysis (TA) is an essential skill. It helps you understand price movements, predict trends, and identify high-probability entry and exit points.

But with hundreds of technical indicators available, one common question is: “Which indicators should I use for technical analysis?”

In this guide, we’ll break down the most effective indicators for crypto trading, explain how they work, and show you how Token Metrics combines them with AI-driven insights to help you trade smarter.

Why Use Technical Indicators in Crypto?

Unlike traditional stocks, cryptocurrency markets trade 24/7, are more volatile, and are largely driven by sentiment and speculation.

Technical indicators help you:

  • Identify trends (bullish or bearish).

  • Pinpoint support and resistance levels.

  • Detect overbought or oversold conditions.

  • Find entry and exit points with better timing.

The key is not using one indicator in isolation but combining multiple tools for confirmation—which is exactly what Token Metrics does with its AI-driven trading signals.

The Most Important Indicators for Technical Analysis

Here are the must-know indicators for crypto traders:

1. Moving Averages (MA & EMA)

What they do:
Moving averages smooth out price data to help you identify overall market direction.

  • Simple Moving Average (SMA): Calculates the average closing price over a set period (e.g., 50-day, 200-day).

  • Exponential Moving Average (EMA): Gives more weight to recent prices, making it more responsive.

How to use them:

  • Golden Cross: When the 50-day MA crosses above the 200-day MA → bullish signal.

  • Death Cross: When the 50-day MA crosses below the 200-day MA → bearish signal.

Best for:
Spotting long-term trends and momentum.

2. Relative Strength Index (RSI)

What it does:
RSI measures price momentum and identifies overbought (70+) or oversold (30-) conditions.

How to use it:

  • Above 70: Asset may be overbought → possible pullback.

  • Below 30: Asset may be oversold → potential bounce.

Best for:
Finding reversal points and confirming trend strength.

3. Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)

What it does:
MACD measures the relationship between two EMAs (usually 12-day and 26-day) and generates buy/sell signals based on crossovers.

How to use it:

  • Bullish crossover: MACD line crosses above the signal line.

  • Bearish crossover: MACD line crosses below the signal line.

Best for:
Spotting trend changes early.

4. Bollinger Bands

What they do:
Bollinger Bands create a price channel around an asset using a moving average plus/minus two standard deviations.

How to use them:

  • Price near upper band: Potential overbought condition.

  • Price near lower band: Potential oversold condition.

  • Band squeeze: Indicates upcoming volatility.

Best for:
Predicting volatility and identifying breakout opportunities.

5. Volume Indicators (OBV & VWAP)

What they do:
Volume indicators confirm price movements and help spot trend strength.

  • On-Balance Volume (OBV): Tracks buying/selling pressure.

  • VWAP (Volume-Weighted Average Price): Shows average price relative to volume.

Best for:
Confirming whether a trend is supported by strong trading volume.

6. Fibonacci Retracement

What it does:
Identifies key support and resistance levels based on Fibonacci ratios (23.6%, 38.2%, 50%, 61.8%, etc.).

How to use it:

  • Place retracement levels between swing highs and lows to find potential pullback or breakout zones.

Best for:
Setting targets and identifying price zones for entries/exits.

7. Stochastic Oscillator

What it does:
Measures price momentum by comparing closing prices to recent price ranges.

How to use it:

  • Above 80: Overbought.

  • Below 20: Oversold.

  • Use crossovers for potential buy/sell signals.

Best for:
Short-term traders looking for momentum shifts.

8. Ichimoku Cloud

What it does:
Provides a complete view of trend, momentum, and support/resistance levels in one indicator.

How to use it:

  • Price above cloud: Bullish.

  • Price below cloud: Bearish.

  • Cloud crossovers: Signal trend reversals.

Best for:
Swing traders who need multi-factor confirmation in one tool.

How Token Metrics Combines Indicators with AI

Instead of manually tracking dozens of indicators, Token Metrics uses AI to analyze 80+ technical, fundamental, and sentiment-based data points for each asset—giving you actionable insights without the guesswork.

Here’s how:

1. AI-Powered Bullish & Bearish Signals

Our system combines RSI, MACD, MAs, and more to generate real-time buy/sell signals.

2. Trader & Investor Grades

  • Trader Grade: Helps short-term traders focus on cryptos with strong technical setups.

  • Investor Grade: Identifies long-term investment opportunities with strong fundamentals.

3. Narrative Detection

Token Metrics tracks emerging narratives (AI tokens, DeFi, etc.) so you can spot trends before they explode.

4. AI-Managed Indices

Don’t want to analyze charts? Our AI-driven indices automatically rebalance portfolios using technical indicators and market conditions.

How to Combine Indicators Effectively

The most successful traders don’t rely on one indicator. Instead, they combine them for confirmation.

Example:

  • Use RSI to spot oversold conditions.

  • Confirm with MACD bullish crossover.

  • Check volume to ensure strong buying pressure.

When multiple indicators align, your trade has a higher probability of success—and Token Metrics does this automatically.

Advanced Tips for Using Indicators

  1. Don’t Overload: Use 3–5 indicators for clarity.

  2. Adjust for Volatility: Crypto is more volatile than stocks—shorten timeframes for faster signals.

  3. Combine With Fundamentals: Use Token Metrics Investor Grades to pair TA with project fundamentals.

  4. Practice Risk Management: Even the best indicators fail—always use stop-loss orders.

Final Thoughts

So, what indicators should you use for technical analysis?

Start with moving averages, RSI, MACD, Bollinger Bands, and Fibonacci levels—then add volume indicators and advanced tools like the Ichimoku Cloud as you gain experience.

But here’s the truth: indicators are only as good as the trader using them. That’s why Token Metrics simplifies the process by combining dozens of technical indicators with AI-powered analysis, giving you clear, actionable insights for smarter trades.

Whether you’re a day trader or a long-term investor, Token Metrics helps you use technical indicators strategically—not emotionally.

Research

Understanding Cryptocurrency: A Comprehensive Guide

Token Metrics Team
4
MIN

What is Cryptocurrency?

Cryptocurrency is a form of digital or virtual currency that uses cryptography for security, making it difficult to counterfeit or double-spend. Unlike traditional currencies issued by governments and central banks, cryptocurrencies operate on decentralized networks based on blockchain technology. This decentralization allows for peer-to-peer transactions without intermediaries such as banks.

The concept emerged with the introduction of Bitcoin in 2009, which paved the way for numerous other cryptocurrencies designed to serve various purposes within digital ecosystems.

Blockchain Technology Basics

At the core of cryptocurrencies lies blockchain, a distributed ledger that records all transactions across a network of computers (nodes). Each transaction is grouped into a block, which is then cryptographically linked to the previous block, forming a chain.

  • Decentralization: No single entity controls the blockchain; this distributes trust among participants and enhances security.
  • Transparency: All transactions are visible to participants, ensuring accountability.
  • Immutability: Once recorded, transactions cannot be altered, ensuring data integrity.

This technology underpins various cryptocurrencies and offers applications beyond currency, including smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps).

How Cryptocurrency Works

When a user initiates a cryptocurrency transaction, it is broadcast to the network of nodes. These nodes verify the transaction’s validity through consensus mechanisms such as Proof of Work (PoW) or Proof of Stake (PoS).

  • Verification: Nodes confirm that the sender has sufficient funds and that the transaction follows protocol rules.
  • Consensus: The network agrees on the transaction's legitimacy via consensus algorithms.
  • Recording: Verified transactions are added to the blockchain as blocks.

Users store cryptocurrencies in digital wallets protected by private keys, which are critical for accessing and authorizing transactions.

Types of Cryptocurrencies

The cryptocurrency landscape is diverse, including:

  • Bitcoin (BTC): The first and most widely recognized cryptocurrency, mainly used as digital gold.
  • Altcoins: Alternative cryptocurrencies such as Ethereum (ETH), which supports smart contracts and decentralized applications.
  • Stablecoins: Cryptocurrencies pegged to stable assets like fiat currencies to reduce volatility.
  • Tokens: Digital assets created on existing blockchains representing various utilities or assets.

Understanding these distinctions is essential for analyzing different crypto projects and their use cases.

Researching Cryptocurrency

Due to the complexity and rapid evolution of the crypto space, thorough research is essential. Key approaches include:

  • Fundamental Analysis: Assess project goals, team credibility, technology, and market applicability.
  • Technical Analysis: Study price charts and market trends, while acknowledging the volatility inherent in crypto markets.
  • Security Considerations: Evaluate the blockchain’s robustness and the security of wallets and exchanges.
  • Utilizing Analytical Tools: Platforms like Token Metrics leverage AI to offer ratings and insights, aiding users in making informed evaluations.

Benefits and Challenges of Cryptocurrency

Benefits:

  • Decentralization: Reduces reliance on centralized institutions.
  • Financial Inclusion: Provides access to financial services globally, especially to unbanked populations.
  • Transparency and Security: Blockchain's design increases trust and reduces fraud.

Challenges:

  • Volatility: Cryptocurrency prices can be highly volatile.
  • Regulatory Uncertainty: Evolving regulations vary by jurisdiction, affecting use and development.
  • Scalability: Some networks face issues processing large volumes of transactions rapidly.
  • Security Risks: Risks such as theft of private keys and vulnerabilities in smart contracts.

How AI and Analytical Tools Support Cryptocurrency Analysis

The introduction of AI-driven research tools has transformed how individuals dissect the vast and complex cryptocurrency markets. Platforms like Token Metrics employ machine learning and natural language processing techniques to analyze various data streams including market sentiment, on-chain metrics, and project fundamentals.

These tools provide:

  • Quantitative Ratings: Assessing the strength and potential of different cryptocurrencies.
  • Scenario Modelling: Projecting possible market developments under various conditions.
  • Risk Analysis: Identifying vulnerabilities and risk factors in crypto projects.

Users can complement traditional research methods with AI insights to foster a balanced understanding.

Conclusion and Disclaimer

Cryptocurrency represents a revolutionary shift in digital finance, enabled by blockchain technology and supported increasingly by AI analytics. Understanding its fundamentals, technology, and associated risks is essential for meaningful engagement.

This article is for educational purposes only and does not constitute financial advice. Readers should conduct independent research and consult professionals before making decisions related to cryptocurrencies.

Crypto Basics

How Do Taxes Work for Crypto Trading?

Token Metrics Team
5 min
MIN

Cryptocurrency trading can be exciting and profitable, but one thing many traders overlook is taxation. Whether you’re buying Bitcoin, trading altcoins, or earning staking rewards, your activities can create taxable events—and failure to report them properly can lead to hefty penalties.

If you’ve been wondering, “How do taxes work for crypto trading?”, this guide breaks it all down. We’ll explain how crypto taxes work, the most common taxable events, and how Token Metrics can help you make smarter, tax-conscious trading decisions.

Are Cryptocurrencies Taxed?

Yes. In most countries, cryptocurrencies are treated as property, not currency, for tax purposes. This means:

  • Buying crypto with fiat (e.g., USD → BTC) is not taxable by itself.

  • Selling, swapping, or spending crypto is a taxable event.

  • Earning crypto (through staking, mining, or airdrops) is taxable income.

While tax laws vary by country, the principle is the same: any gain or income from crypto is subject to taxation.

Common Taxable Events in Crypto

To manage your taxes effectively, you need to know what counts as a taxable event.

1. Selling Crypto for Fiat

If you sell Bitcoin, Ethereum, or any other crypto for fiat currency, you must report capital gains or losses.

Example:

  • You bought 1 BTC for $20,000 and sold it for $40,000.

  • Your capital gain is $20,000—which is taxable.

2. Trading One Crypto for Another

Swapping one crypto for another (e.g., BTC → ETH) is also a taxable event.

Why?

  • You’re considered to have “sold” BTC at its fair market value and “bought” ETH.

3. Spending Crypto on Goods or Services

Using crypto to buy a car, laptop, or coffee? That’s a taxable event too.

Example:

  • You bought 1 ETH at $1,000.

  • You used it to buy goods when ETH was worth $2,000.

  • The $1,000 gain is taxable.

4. Earning Crypto

  • Staking & Mining Rewards: Counted as ordinary income at the time you receive them.

  • Airdrops & Hard Forks: The value at the time you receive them is taxable income.

5. DeFi & NFT Transactions

DeFi activities like yield farming, lending, or NFT trading may also trigger complex taxable events depending on jurisdiction.

Capital Gains: Short-Term vs. Long-Term

When you sell crypto, your profit is classified as a capital gain—either short-term or long-term.

  • Short-Term Gains:


    • Assets held less than 12 months.

    • Taxed at your ordinary income tax rate (higher).

  • Long-Term Gains:


    • Assets held more than 12 months.

    • Taxed at reduced capital gains rates (in many jurisdictions).

Pro Tip: Holding crypto for at least a year can significantly lower your tax burden.

How to Calculate Your Crypto Taxes

Step 1: Track Every Transaction

Record:

  • Date & time of the trade.

  • Type of transaction (buy, sell, swap).

  • Amount & value in fiat currency.

  • Fees paid.

Step 2: Determine Cost Basis

Your cost basis is how much you paid for the asset (including fees).

Step 3: Calculate Gains/Losses

Subtract your cost basis from the selling price:

  • Profit = Taxable gain

  • Loss = Tax-deductible (in some countries).

Step 4: Report Income

Report staking, mining, and airdrop rewards as ordinary income at their market value when received.

How Token Metrics Helps with Tax-Efficient Trading

Staying compliant doesn’t just mean reporting correctly—it means trading smartly to reduce your tax burden. That’s where Token Metrics can help.

1. AI-Powered Portfolio Tracking

Track all your crypto holdings across exchanges and wallets, making tax reporting easier.

2. Long-Term vs. Short-Term Insights

Use Investor Grades to identify cryptos worth holding long-term, reducing your tax liability on gains.

3. Strategic Trade Timing

Get AI-powered trading signals to make smarter decisions on when to sell—balancing profits and taxes.

4. Narrative Tracking

Spot emerging narratives (AI tokens, DeFi trends) early, allowing you to plan tax-friendly entries and exits.

Strategies to Minimize Crypto Taxes

  1. Hold for Over a Year: Qualify for long-term capital gains rates.

  2. Harvest Losses: Sell underperforming assets to offset taxable gains.

  3. Use Tax-Friendly Accounts: Some countries allow crypto investments in tax-advantaged accounts.

  4. Gift Crypto: In certain jurisdictions, gifting crypto can reduce tax exposure.

  5. Use AI for Smart Exits: Token Metrics can help you plan trades strategically to minimize taxable events.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Not tracking transactions: Without records, you can’t calculate accurate gains/losses.

  • Ignoring swaps: Trading crypto-to-crypto is still taxable.

  • Forgetting airdrops/staking rewards: These are considered income at receipt.

  • Panic-selling without strategy: Leads to high taxes and missed opportunities.

Global Variations in Crypto Taxes

Tax treatment varies by country:

  • U.S.: IRS treats crypto as property.

  • UK: HMRC applies Capital Gains Tax on disposals.

  • Australia: ATO taxes crypto as property.

  • EU: Policies vary by member state but generally treat crypto as assets.

Always consult a crypto tax professional for advice in your jurisdiction.

Practical Example

Let’s say you:

  • Bought 2 ETH at $1,500 each ($3,000 total).

  • Sold 1 ETH at $3,000.

  • Your gain: $1,500 (minus fees).

  • If you held for over a year, you pay long-term capital gains tax. If not, it’s short-term at a higher rate.

With Token Metrics, you could track purchase dates and AI signals to time your exit strategically—potentially saving on taxes.

Final Thoughts

So, how do taxes work for crypto trading?

  • Selling, swapping, and spending crypto are taxable events.

  • Staking, mining, and airdrops are taxed as income.

  • Holding for over a year often reduces your tax bill.

The key to staying compliant and minimizing taxes is tracking transactions, planning trades strategically, and using the right tools.

That’s where Token Metrics helps. With AI-driven portfolio tracking, tax-efficient trading insights, and market analytics, Token Metrics empowers you to trade smarter, reduce taxable events, and keep more of your profits.

Don’t just trade crypto—trade tax-smart.

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