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Cardano (ADA) Crypto – What It Is and How It Works?

Learn everything about Cardano (ADA) crypto and how it works in this descriptive guide.
Token Metrics Team
8 minutes
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Cardano (ADA) can be described as a blockchain platform that’s designed to enable the development of decentralized applications and smart contracts. It is the first blockchain platform to be built on a scientific philosophy and to be developed through peer-reviewed research and scientific rigor. Developed by a global team of leading researchers and engineers, Cardano is set to revolutionize the way we use and interact with blockchain technology. 

This beginner's guide to Cardano will provide you with all the information you need to understand the platform, its features, and how to use it. From its unique consensus algorithm to its native token ADA, this guide will provide you with a comprehensive overview of Cardano. Whether you're a beginner interested in learning more about Cardano or a blockchain expert looking for the latest information, this guide has you covered from end-to-end. 

History of Cardano

Cardano was founded by Charles Hoskinson, who also co-founded Ethereum. However, Cardano is a very different platform from Ethereum regarding its design and goals. Whereas Ethereum is a decentralized application ("dapp") platform designed to power all sorts of different decentralized applications, Cardano is designed to be a "first generation" blockchain platform that can be used to build decentralized applications, as well as other things.

The Cardano Foundation, IOHK, and Emurgo are developing the Cardano platform. The three groups are working together to build the Cardano platform and will hold a stake in the Cardano ecosystem. 

The first phase of Cardano's development began in 2015. At the time, a company called Input-Output (IOHK) was contracted to build the platform. In 2017, IOHK decided to hand over control of the project to the Cardano Foundation and Emurgo. The three partners are now working together to bring Cardano to market. The next development phase has been completed sometime between 2020 and 2021. After that, Cardano emerged as a fully decentralized blockchain.

How Does Cardano Work?

The Cardano platform uses a proof of stake (PoS) consensus algorithm to manage its decentralized network. Proof of stake is a consensus algorithm where the right to add new blocks to the blockchain is determined not by computing power but by coin ownership. In PoS-based blockchains, users must "stake" or "deposit" their coins to add new blocks to the blockchain for a certain amount of time. The more coins a user stakes, the greater the chance that the user will be selected to add a new block. Cardano uses the Ouroboros proof of stake algorithm. 

Ouroboros is the first proof of stake algorithm to be proven secure in a peer-reviewed paper. This unique algorithm uses a "random selection of a catch-up fellow" to create a network with no central authority. In other words, no single person or group can control the network. The algorithm works by randomly selecting a "follower" who can "catch up" with the "leader."

The leader is the person responsible for adding new blocks to the blockchain. The follower has one job: to predict what the leader will do. If the follower is correct, they are promoted to the leader and given a chance to add a new block. If the follower is incorrect, they remain a follower, and another random person is selected to catch up. The Ouroboros algorithm was expected to be completed by June 2020. But, according to recent reports, Charles Hoskinson said that the Ouroboros Genesis implementation will be in 2023.

Cardano's Development and Governance

The development and governance of Cardano are handled by three large organizations:

The Cardano Foundation: The Cardano Foundation maintains Cardano's core. This group promotes the platform, manages its marketing and communications, and defends the brand.

IOHK: IOHK leads the team behind Cardano's core. This group is responsible for developing and maintaining the platform's core software and bringing new features to the market.

Emurgo: The third group, Emurgo, brings businesses and investments to the Cardano ecosystem. Emurgo helps businesses integrate with the Cardano network and encourages others to build projects on the Cardano platform.

The functioning of Cardano stands tall because of the highly secured and powerful ecosystem as mentioned above. Now, what is Cardano’s native token ADA?

Cardano's Native Token - ADA

Cardano's native token, ADA, sends money on the Cardano blockchain. It also rewards people who help maintain and build the network. The team behind Cardano has stated that ADA is more than just a token: it also serves as "the fuel that drives the Cardano ecosystem." Cardano’s development team has stated that the platform will be fully decentralized once the network has been around for a few years. Until then, the platform will be maintained by a group of stakeholders who have a vested interest in the platform's success. These stakeholders have a stake in the system and are rewarded with ADA for helping maintain the platform. 

There are 3-easy ways to earn ADA

  • Hosting a node, 
  • Providing software assurance, or 
  • Contributing to the development of Cardano's software or research.

Apart from these, Cardano’s powerful 3-layered ecosystem makes it reliable and trustworthy. 

The 3-Layered Cardano's Ecosystem

Here are the three secured-layers that constitute Cardano (ADA): 

The Cardano Network: The Cardano network is the blockchain that runs the ADA token and smart contracts. It is maintained by the stakeholders, who receive ADA for their work.

Cardano's core technology: The Cardano core represents the core software that powers the Cardano network. This includes the programming languages used to build decentralized applications and the virtual machine that runs those apps.

All the projects built on top of the Cardano platform: The Cardano projects layer lists all the decentralized applications built on top of the Cardano network.
To top it all, you can also enjoy the benefit of smart contracts on Cardano. 

Smart Contracts On Cardano

Although Cardano is designed to be a dapp platform, it can also be used to build smart contracts. The programming language used to build smart contracts on Cardano is called Haskell and Cardano's virtual machine, called the "Computing Resources And Dispatcher" (CRDD), can execute many programming languages.

Any decentralized application built in any programming language can be hosted on the Cardano network. Cardano's smart contracts are unique because they are the first to be verified by a formal verification tool called the "Industrial Strength Verification" (ISV). This tool will help you confirm whether or not a smart contract is safe to use.

Cardano's Use Cases

Use Case #1: The first use case for Cardano is a decentralized application platform. This means that developers can build apps on top of the Cardano blockchain. These dapps will be able to send and receive ADA and use other features like the ability to create a wallet or sign a transaction. 

Use Case #2: The second use case for Cardano is as a financial asset. Investors can buy and sell ADA on cryptocurrency exchanges, and the token could also represent ownership in a company.

Now, let’s see the security measures that Cardano aims to offer.

Security on Cardano

One of the most common questions about Cardano is how secure it is compared to other blockchains. Cardano does not claim to be more secure than other blockchains but seeks to be as secure as possible. The team behind Cardano has said that one of their goals is to be the "safest and most reliable blockchain." 

One way Cardano strives to be more secure is through its unique design. While other blockchains are designed to do one thing well, Cardano is designed to do many different things less well. Cardano's design means no single platform part is crucial to its operation. If one part of the platform fails, many other parts can take its place. This indicates safety at its best.

Is Cardano a Worthy Investment?

There we are swinging again to whether or not Cardano is a good investment. Let’s check out the latest updates before we decide, shall we?

According to the Cryptoglobe’s Report, ADA’s price might soar up to 100% by 31st January, 2023. Major upgrades are being anticipated by investors to improve DeFi’s significance through its oracles.

So, Cardano is something to look forward to owing to its upcoming features. 

Future of Cardano

Let’s dive a bit further into the future. Cryptopolitan thinks the price of ADA will soar up to $21.35 on an average, with a minimum price of $20.55. Changelly also believes that ADA price will rise, but the website thinks the coin price will only peak at $15.69, with an average of $13.92, similar to the data from Price Prediction. The website’s analysts predict that the coin’s maximum price will be $15.69 with a minimum of $13.55.

Most experts predict that Cardano might see a bright future in 2023. With persistent developments Cardano’s ecosystem has been witnessing, and in the crypto asset market as a whole, Cardano can potentially reach a new high.

The Bottom Line

Cardano aims to be a "first generation" blockchain technology. The platform is being built by a group of organizations, each with a specific role in the project.

The team hopes this design will help Cardano achieve its goal of being the most secure blockchain. The platform uses a unique consensus algorithm, and its native token is storable in various wallets. The token can be used to represent ownership in a company. 

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Top Strategies for Managing Crypto Risk in 2025: Stay Profitable in a Volatile Market

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Introduction: Why Risk Management Matters More Than Ever

Cryptocurrency has always been volatile, but in 2025, the stakes are even higher. With billions flowing into AI‑driven tokens, real‑world asset (RWA) projects, DeFi protocols, and meme coins, the crypto market is more complex than ever.

While the potential for profits is enormous, so are the risks. Poor risk management can quickly turn promising portfolios into catastrophic losses. To succeed, you need structured strategies and AI‑powered insights from platforms like Token Metrics to help you make smarter, data‑driven decisions.

This guide explores the top strategies for managing crypto risk in 2025 — helping you stay profitable even in turbulent markets.

1. Diversify Across Assets and Narratives

Don’t put all your crypto in one basket.

Diversification reduces your exposure to individual asset failures. In 2025, this means spreading across:

  • Large‑Caps (e.g., BTC, ETH): Lower risk and strong liquidity.
  • Mid‑Caps (e.g., Polygon, Arbitrum): Balanced growth potential.
  • Small‑Caps (e.g., Token Metrics AI (TMAI)): High‑risk, high‑reward narrative plays.
  • Stablecoins (e.g., USDC): For liquidity and hedging against market crashes.

Pro Tip: Use Token Metrics’ portfolio optimization tool to create a diversified, AI‑recommended allocation aligned with your risk tolerance.

2. Set Clear Position Sizes

Position sizing determines how much of your portfolio is allocated to a single asset.

Key Rule: Never risk more than you’re willing to lose.

  • Allocate smaller percentages to volatile small‑caps and larger percentages to proven, stable coins.
  • Adjust sizing based on AI‑driven asset ratings from Token Metrics, which score coins by fundamentals and risk factors.

3. Use Stop‑Loss and Take‑Profit Orders

Crypto markets move fast — sometimes too fast for manual reactions.

Stop‑Loss Orders:

  • Automatically sell assets when they drop to a pre‑set level, limiting downside losses.

Take‑Profit Orders:

  • Lock in gains when a token hits your target price, avoiding the “ride it back down” mistake.

Why It Works: These orders enforce discipline, removing emotional decision‑making from the equation.

4. Hedge with Stablecoins

Stablecoins like USDC and USDT are essential for risk management.

  • Protect against sudden market drops by keeping 5–15% of your portfolio in stablecoins.
  • Use stablecoins for buying dips without needing to sell other holdings at a loss.

Platforms like Token Metrics help track the optimal balance between stablecoins and risk assets for your portfolio.

5. Manage Leverage Carefully

Leverage amplifies both gains and losses.

  • Avoid over‑leveraging in a volatile market.
  • If using leverage, keep it low (1–3x) and apply strict stop‑loss rules.

AI‑powered insights from Token Metrics can help you assess volatility before taking leveraged positions.

6. Use Dollar‑Cost Averaging (DCA)

DCA means investing a fixed amount regularly, regardless of price.

  • Helps smooth out volatility by buying over time.
  • Reduces emotional trading decisions.

Pairing DCA with Token Metrics’ trend analysis ensures you’re accumulating assets with strong AI‑verified fundamentals.

7. Actively Rebalance Your Portfolio

Markets shift quickly. Rebalancing keeps your portfolio aligned with your goals.

Rebalance when:

  • An asset grows disproportionately large.
  • AI‑driven insights suggest a narrative is weakening.

Token Metrics’ portfolio tracker helps monitor your allocations and signals when adjustments are needed.

8. Stay Ahead of Market Narratives

Narratives drive capital flows in crypto — AI tokens, DeFi 2.0, RWAs, and more are shaping 2025.

Why It Matters:

  • Early identification of narratives allows you to capitalize on growth sectors.
  • Exiting fading narratives reduces losses from declining trends.

Token Metrics’ narrative detection tools help you spot these shifts early.

9. Secure Your Assets

Even the best portfolio is useless if it’s hacked.

  • Use hardware wallets (e.g., Ledger, Trezor) for long‑term storage.
  • Enable two‑factor authentication (2FA) on all exchange accounts.
  • Avoid storing large sums on centralized exchanges.

10. Stay Informed

Crypto moves at lightning speed. Staying informed reduces surprises:

  • Follow regulatory updates: Rules are evolving globally in 2025.
  • Track on‑chain data: Use Token Metrics to monitor wallet activity, token burns, and developer engagement.
  • Join crypto communities: Gain insights from experienced traders and analysts.

Practical Example: A Risk‑Managed Portfolio for 2025

  • 40% Bitcoin & Ethereum: Stability and staking income.
  • 30% Narrative‑Driven Assets: AI tokens like TMAI, Layer 2 solutions, and DeFi protocols.
  • 15% Stablecoins: Hedge against volatility and provide liquidity.
  • 10% Yield‑Generating Assets: Staking and liquidity pools.
  • 5% High‑Risk Plays: Speculative small‑caps or meme tokens.


This portfolio balances security, growth, and liquidity.

Common Risk Management Mistakes

  • Overexposure to hype tokens: Avoid allocating heavily to meme coins.
  • Ignoring exit strategies: Always have profit targets.
  • Emotional trading: Stick to AI‑guided data, not fear or FOMO.

Conclusion

Managing risk in crypto isn’t about avoiding volatility — it’s about embracing it intelligently.

By combining diversification, automated trading tools, hedging, and AI‑driven insights from Token Metrics, you can protect your capital and position yourself for consistent growth in 2025.

In crypto, survival is success — and with the right risk management strategies, you can turn survival into long‑term profitability.

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Understanding Zero Knowledge Proofs: Securing Privacy and Verification

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Introduction

Zero Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) represent a groundbreaking cryptographic concept that enables one party to prove knowledge of specific information to another party without revealing the information itself. This technology is rapidly gaining traction within blockchain ecosystems and privacy-focused applications, offering novel approaches to verification and security without compromising sensitive data.

Basics of Zero Knowledge Proofs

At its core, a Zero Knowledge Proof is a method by which a prover demonstrates to a verifier that a given statement is true, without revealing any additional information beyond the validity of the statement. Introduced in the 1980s, ZKPs rely on complex mathematical algorithms to ensure that knowledge can be proven without disclosure, preserving confidentiality.

The three essential properties that characterize zero knowledge proofs are:

  • Completeness: If the statement is true, an honest verifier will be convinced by an honest prover.
  • Soundness: If the statement is false, no dishonest prover can convince the honest verifier otherwise.
  • Zero-Knowledge: The verifier learns nothing other than the fact the statement is true, gaining no additional knowledge about the actual information.

Types of Zero Knowledge Proofs

There are several approaches to implementing ZKPs, each with its trade-offs and applications. Two of the most significant forms include zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs.

  • zk-SNARKs (Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Arguments of Knowledge): These are compact proofs that require minimal data for verification and do not require back-and-forth interaction between prover and verifier after setup. zk-SNARKs are widely used in privacy-oriented blockchains such as Zcash.
  • zk-STARKs (Zero-Knowledge Scalable Transparent Arguments of Knowledge): An evolution of zk-SNARKs, zk-STARKs remove the need for a trusted setup and improve scalability and transparency, although generating proofs may be more computationally intensive.

Applications in Blockchain and Cryptography

Zero Knowledge Proofs have considerable implications for enhancing privacy and scalability in decentralized systems. Key applications include:

  • Privacy Encryption: ZKPs enable private transactions by allowing users to confirm transaction validity without revealing participant identities or transaction details.
  • Identity Verification: Users can prove attributes such as age or citizenship without disclosing personal data, reducing risks associated with data leaks and identity theft.
  • Secure Voting Systems: Ensuring the legitimacy of votes while keeping individual votes confidential.
  • Scalability Solutions: By verifying computations off-chain with ZKPs, blockchain networks can reduce on-chain data processing, improving throughput and efficiency.

Challenges and Limitations

Despite their potential, Zero Knowledge Proofs face notable challenges that require careful consideration in practical deployment:

  • Computational Overhead: Generating zero knowledge proofs can be resource-intensive, particularly for complicated statements or large data sets.
  • Trusted Setup Concerns: Some ZKP systems, such as zk-SNARKs, require an initial trusted setup, which poses risks if compromised.
  • Implementation Complexity: Developing robust zero knowledge protocols demands advanced cryptographic expertise and rigorous security auditing.

Role of AI in Zero Knowledge Proof Analysis

Advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have begun to complement cryptographic research, including the exploration and utilization of Zero Knowledge Proofs. AI-driven analytical tools can assist researchers and developers by:

  • Optimizing cryptographic algorithms for efficient proof generation.
  • Performing advanced pattern recognition on blockchain data enhanced by ZKPs to uncover usage trends without compromising privacy.
  • Supporting risk management frameworks by assessing protocol security based on integrated cryptographic parameters.

Platforms such as Token Metrics leverage AI-driven research to analyze emerging cryptographic technologies, including zero knowledge protocols, offering quantitative insights into technological developments and ecosystem dynamics.

How to Research Zero Knowledge Proof Projects

When evaluating projects that incorporate zero knowledge proofs, consider the following research aspects to obtain an objective and thorough understanding:

  1. Technical Documentation: Review whitepapers and technical specifications to understand the ZKP implementations and cryptographic assumptions.
  2. Community and Development Activity: Assess active developer engagement and community support to gauge project viability and ongoing innovation.
  3. Security Audits: Verify results from third-party security audits focused on ZKP mechanisms to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.
  4. Use Cases and Partnerships: Investigate real-world applications and collaborations that demonstrate practical utility of zero knowledge proofs.
  5. Analytical Tools: Utilize platforms like Token Metrics for comprehensive project ratings that incorporate AI-enhanced data on technology and ecosystem health.

Future Outlook and Research Directions

Zero Knowledge Proofs are poised to become foundational in advancing privacy and scalability in decentralized systems. Future research continues to focus on:

  • Improving efficiency of proof generation to enable wider adoption in resource-constrained environments.
  • Developing trustless and transparent protocols to eliminate the need for trusted setups entirely.
  • Expanding integration with emerging technologies such as secure multi-party computation and homomorphic encryption.
  • Enhancing interoperability between ZKP implementations across different blockchain platforms.

Continued innovation in this domain is supported by cross-disciplinary collaborations, including cryptography, computer science, and AI research.

Conclusion

Zero Knowledge Proofs offer a powerful paradigm shift in cryptography, enabling privacy-preserving verification without information disclosure. Their adoption within blockchain and related fields supports the creation of secure, efficient, and private systems. Utilizing AI-powered platforms like Token Metrics can assist in analyzing and understanding the evolving landscape of zero knowledge proof technologies.

Disclaimer

This article is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice, investment recommendations, or endorsements. Readers should conduct their own research and consult professionals before making decisions related to cryptographic technologies or blockchain projects.

Research

Understanding Web3 Wallets: Your Guide to Secure Crypto Asset Management

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Introduction to Web3 Wallets

As the blockchain landscape evolves, the term "Web3 wallets" has become fundamental in discussions around decentralized finance and digital asset management. Web3 wallets act as a gateway for users to interact with decentralized applications (dApps), access blockchain networks, and securely manage their digital assets without reliance on centralized intermediaries.

This article explores the concept of Web3 wallets, their types, core features, and the security considerations essential for users. It also highlights how analytical platforms like Token Metrics can aid in understanding the complexities surrounding these wallets and blockchain technologies.

What Are Web3 Wallets?

Web3 wallets are software or hardware tools that enable users to store, send, receive, and interact with cryptocurrencies and tokens on blockchain networks. Unlike traditional digital wallets, Web3 wallets are designed primarily to facilitate decentralized interactions beyond simple transactions, such as signing smart contracts and accessing dApps.

They come in two main forms:

  • Custodial wallets: Where a third party holds the private keys on behalf of the user. This category offers convenience but introduces counterparty risk.
  • Non-custodial wallets: Users retain full control of their private keys. This type aligns with the ethos of decentralization, offering enhanced security but requiring users to take responsibility for key management.

Types of Web3 Wallets

Understanding the various types of Web3 wallets helps users select options that fit their security posture and use cases.

  • Software Wallets: Installed as browser extensions or mobile apps, these wallets offer easy access and integration with dApps. Examples include MetaMask and Trust Wallet.
  • Hardware Wallets: Physical devices that store private keys offline, significantly reducing exposure to hacks. Examples include Ledger and Trezor.
  • Smart Contract Wallets: Wallets deployed as smart contracts allow for programmable control over funds, including multi-signature functionality and customizable security policies.

Key Features and Functionalities

Web3 wallets provide a suite of functionalities tailored to decentralized ecosystems:

  1. Private Key Management: Safe handling and storage of private keys, either locally or hardware-backed, is central to wallet security.
  2. Transaction Signing: Wallets enable users to approve blockchain transactions through cryptographic signatures.
  3. dApp Integration: Seamless interaction with Web3 applications via standardized protocols like WalletConnect.
  4. Multi-Chain Support: Ability to interact with different blockchain networks within a single interface.
  5. Token Management: Displaying and organizing various tokens compliant with standards such as ERC-20 or BEP-20.

Security Considerations for Web3 Wallets

Security remains paramount for Web3 wallet users due to the irreversible nature of blockchain transactions and increasing cyber threats:

  • Private Key Confidentiality: Exposure of private keys or seed phrases can result in total asset loss. Users should store these securely offline.
  • Phishing Attacks: Malicious actors may use fake websites or apps to steal credentials; exercising caution and verifying authenticity is critical.
  • Software Vulnerabilities: Keeping wallet software updated and using reputable wallets can minimize risks related to bugs or exploits.
  • Hardware Storage: Hardware wallets mitigate online threats by keeping keys offline but require physical safeguarding.

Leveraging AI Tools for In-Depth Analysis

The complexity of blockchain ecosystems has led to the emergence of AI-driven analytical platforms that assist users and researchers in understanding market trends, token metrics, and network behaviors. Token Metrics is an example of such a tool, providing data-backed ratings and insights that can complement wallet usage by offering research capabilities on tokens and market conditions.

These platforms can support educational efforts by:

  • Providing fundamentals and trend analysis based on on-chain and market data.
  • Offering scenario analysis to understand potential developments in blockchain protocols.
  • Enhancing security posture by informing users about project credibility and token performance metrics.

Practical Steps to Choose and Use Web3 Wallets

Choosing the right Web3 wallet is a process that balances ease of use, security, and compatibility needs:

  • Research Wallet Types: Understand differences between custodial and non-custodial options.
  • Assess Security Features: Review if the wallet supports hardware integration, multi-factor authentication, or multisig capabilities.
  • Confirm dApp Compatibility: If interaction with decentralized platforms is important, ensure smooth integration.
  • Backup Procedures: Follow recommended practices for seed phrase storage and wallet backup.

Additionally, engaging with AI-driven platforms like Token Metrics can provide analytical depth during the research phase and support ongoing management of crypto assets.

Conclusion and Disclaimer

Web3 wallets represent a critical component of the decentralized internet, empowering users to control their digital assets and participate in blockchain ecosystems securely and effectively. By understanding wallet types, functionalities, and security measures, users can navigate this complex space with greater confidence.

Tools like Token Metrics serve as valuable resources for educational and analytical purposes, enabling deeper insight into token fundamentals and network dynamics.

Disclaimer: This article is intended for educational purposes only and does not constitute financial or investment advice. Readers should conduct their own research and consider their risk tolerance before engaging with any cryptocurrency or blockchain technology.

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